| The Taiping Huimin Hezhiju Fang(abbreviated as Heji Jufang)was a prescription book compiled and issued by the Taiyiju in the Song Dynasty of China.The formation process of this book was relatively complex,and it underwent the first compilation during the Yuanfeng period of the Northern Song Dynasty,correction during the Daguan period,and multiple additions during the Southern Song Dynasty.From the initial compilation to the final addition,the compilation of Heji Jufang went through about a century and a half,and ultimately presented as a collection of various literary works such as Yuanfeng Daguan Fang,Shaoxing Xutian Fang,Wu Zhige Zengzhujia Mingfang,Xutian Zhuju Jingyan Mifang,Baoqing Xinzeng Fang,Chunyou Xintian Fang,Note,etc.At present,the academic community’s research on this book focused on the study of disease-centered prescriptions.There was little discussion on the specific content and reasons for supplementing prescriptions at each stage,and it was relatively general.The research perspective was single.Therefore,this article was based on this and conducts a comprehensive and in-depth study of the completion of the book Heji Jufang from multiple perspectives.This article focused on the study of Heji Jufang.Firstly,a comprehensive review of the historical printing process and existing versions of Heji Jufang would be conducted.Based on this,the differences between different versions would be compared to select the version that was closest to the original appearance,laying the foundation for the research literature;Secondly,a comprehensive investigation was conducted on the compilation,correction,and continuation activities of Heji Jufang,which included three aspects:firstly,a comprehensive review of the process of compilation,correction,and continuation of the book,including background,relevant institutions,and participants;Secondly,based on the early versions,re verify and divide the supplementary content of each stage of the prescription,and further investigate the source of the prescription content and the characteristics of the included prescriptions in each stage;Thirdly,based on peripheral data,conduct a thorough analysis of the factors that affect the compilation,correction,and continuation of prescriptions and medicines throughout history.The full text was divided into six chapters.The first chapter mainly provided a systematic review of the historical publication and existing versions of Heji Jufang.By examining the characteristics of each version and comparing the content of each version,it was found that it was not appropriate for the current academic community to use the Zheng’s Zongwen Tang and Gao’s Rixin Tang editions as commonly used editions,as their content differs from existing early versions and was not the best version for studying Heji Jufang.The surviving version of the Heji Jufang printed during the Shaoxing period of the Southern Song Dynasty,stored in the Imperial Palace of Japan,was the earliest surviving version of the book and was considered a rare edition,making it the preferred version for research.The remnants of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty had only returned to China in recent years,and the use of this content for research was still relatively rare.Of course,there were also shortcomings in the existing Shaoxing edition of the Southern Song Dynasty:not only were volumes 1 and 5 incomplete,but the content only dates back to the Shaoxing period.Therefore,when studying the completion of the book Heji Jufang,it was necessary to refer to the final finalized version of the book.The existing Yuan Dynasty blockprinted editions were all finalized versions that contain various contents such as Yuanfeng Daguan Fang,Shaoxing Xutian Fang,Wuzhige Zengzhujia Mingfang,Xutian Zhuju Jingyan Mifang,Baoqing Xinzeng Fang,Chunyou Xintian Fang,and Note.Among numerous Yuan Dynasty block-printed editions,the content of the Lu family ancient forest book hall edition was closer to that of the Shaoxing remnant edition of the Southern Song Dynasty.Therefore,the Lu’s Gulinshutang block-printed edition was selected as a supplement to the Shaoxing remnant edition of the Southern Song Dynasty in the Yuan inscriptions.Based on the remnants of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty and supplemented by the Lu family’s ancient forest book hall edition,there were still some incomplete formulas in the Heji Jufang.Therefore,based on the Yuan block-printed Gao’s Rixintang edition.This was the literary basis for studying the Heji Jufang.In Chapter 2,a comprehensive review was conducted on the compilation and correction of the Yuanfeng Daguan Fang.In the middle period of the Yuanfeng period,Emperor Shenzong ordered the Taiyiju to collect and test the tested prescriptions from all over the world,and compiled them into a book called Taiyi Jufang.During the Daguan period,Emperor Huizong ordered Chen Cheng and others to conduct a comprehensive correction of the existing Taiyi Jufang.After the initial compilation of Yuanfeng and the overall correction,a total of 300 prescriptions were included,of which 99 were derived from early literature.Most of these early literature came from medical books compiled and corrected by the Northern Song government and officials.During this period,a relatively complete disease classification form with patent medicine characteristics was formed;From the perspective of quantity under each category,this stage attaches importance to the categories of children,winds,women,various qi,typhoid,accumulated heat,and diarrhea,as well as the drink categories of health drink prescriptions;From the perspective of the drug dosage of the formula,this stage was more precise and meticulous than the previous doses of the adding formula.These characteristics should be related to the relatively stable overall society of the Northern Song Dynasty,with a large ruling area spanning north and south,and a relatively warm climate.The third chapter mainly conducted the situation of the Shaoxing Xutian Fang in the Southern Song Dynasty.In the 21st year of Shaoxing,Emperor Gaozong issued an edict to publish and deliver the Taiping Huiminju’s medicinal formula to all provinces,which was an added version for Shaoxing.During this period,a total of 71 prescriptions were added,of which 18 were derived from early literature.These documents not only came from the official compiled prescriptions of the Northern Song Dynasty,but also included prescriptions originating from the people.This addition mainly had three important characteristics.Firstly,there were relatively few formulas added,and it was not a universal formula addition.Instead,it was concentrated in three categories:wind s,typhoid,and various qi.Moreover,the formulas in these categories were mostly suitable for the causes and pathogenesis of wind cold,which was directly related to the sudden decrease in temperature at the turn of the Song Dynasty.Secondly,Shaoxing Xutian Fang not only had a large number of prescriptions for the pathogenesis of dampness,but also had complex pathogenesis.External dampness could flow into the meridians and blood vessels,or internal dampness could cause unfavorable changes in the visceral qi function.This should be related to the southern migration of the Song Dynasty.After the collapse of the Northern Song Dynasty and the establishment of the Southern Song Dynasty,the Song Dynasty lost a large amount of northern territory,and the capital city was also relocated from Kaifeng to Hangzhou.The ruling area was mainly in the south.In the environment with heavy dampness in the south,dampness was easily transmitted to the human body as a disease,Therefore,the formula for causing dampness was more obvious at this stage.Thirdly,the dosage of Shaoxing Xutian Fang was extremely heavy,which was related to the surge in medical demand during this period.Chapter 4 mainly conducted a comprehensive investigation of the various famous parties that had been added to Wu Zhige.Wu Zhige was added in the late years of Shaoxing.According to Baoqing Bencao Zhezhong and research by scholars such as Sejiang Quanshan and Mori Tachiyuki,Wu Zhige named Wu Ting,lived between the Gaozong and Xiaozong dynasties.During this period,a total of 133 prescriptions were added,of which 55 were derived from early literature.These literature sources were similar to those of the previous Yuanfeng Daguan Fang and Shaoxing Xutian Fang,but the difference was that special attention was paid to the Taiping Shenghui Fang.Moreover,the number of prescriptions added this time was relatively large,covering a comprehensive range of categories,reflecting people’s attention to medical care and longing for the peaceful scene during the social recovery period.The attention paid to typhoid and winds had decreased,which was related to the easing of climate during this period;There were many additional prescriptions for children,which were related to the large number of children born during and the gradual recovery of the population in this period;The prescription for treating wounds caused by sores and swelling not only increased in quantity,but also shifted its focus from bleeding injuries to the fire injuries,which was related to the transition of wars from the Cold Weapon Age to the Firearm Age during this period;The regional causes of dampness still receive attention in the famous prescriptions of Wu Zhige Zengzhujia Mingfang.In addition,Wu Zhige Zengzhujia Mingfang also pay attention to the regional characteristics of gastrointestinal weakness in southern people.There were more prescriptions for diarrhea with gastrointestinal weakness as the pathogenesis,which was different from the actual heat pathogenesis in the Yuanfeng Daguan Fang.This was an important manifestation of different diseases caused by different regions in the north and south and different people’s constitutions.Chapter 5 mainly conducted a comprehensive examination of the Xutian Zhuju Jingyan Mifang.This addition began in 1203AD,when Emperor Ningzong ordered Xu Hong,the assistant professor of the Taiyiju,to responsible for the selection of prescriptions.And it was completed in 1208AD.During this period,a total of 187 prescriptions were added,of which 86 were derived from early literature.However,the difference was that official background literatures were no longer important sources of prescriptions for this addition.Most of the prescriptions received were from folk doctors,and special attention was paid to the folk doctor Chen Wuze and his San Yin Ji Yi Bing Zheng Fang Lun.This was directly related to the prosperity of folk doctors,especially the rise of the Yongjia Medical Faction,Since then,the sources of prescriptions included in the Heji Jufang had shifted from official background literatures to folk medical literature.This addition placeed particular emphasis on women and desease of deficiency,and many of the prescriptions added were caused by deficiency,which was related to the social environment of continuous famine;Under the successive years of famine,a large number of refugees were generated,and the social order was relatively chaotic,which had a certain impact on people’s emotions.Therefore,more attention was paid to emotional illness;Due to the frequent occurrence of sand and dust during this period,the most important emphasis was placed on eye diseases in this stage.Chapter 6 mainly conducted an overall review of the newly added formulas in Baoqing,Chunyou,and the content of the annotations.The newly added formulas in Baoqing and Chunyou were respectively added during the Baoqing and Chunyou periods of Li Zong.They were the last two formula additions to the Heji JuFang,and the annotations were some of the formula annotations added by the people of the Song Dynasty.There were not many new formulas added in Baoqing and Chunyou.There were a total of 75 new formulas added in Baoqing,of which 29 were from early literature.Half of these 29 formulas were corrections of indications,drugs or formula names in Xutian Zhuju Jingyan Mifang.There were 41 new formulas added in Chunyou,and nearly two-thirds of the formulas were from early literature.From the specific indications and modifications of the prescriptions,it could be seen that Baoqing Xinzeng Fang was a correction of the deficiency and damage mechanism that attaches great importance to the Xutian Zhuju Jingyan Mifang of various regions.Chunyou Xinzeng Fang not only had the least number of prescriptions,but also had the most prescriptions from early literature,and there was no focus on the categories and mechanisms of diseases.It was a direct reflection of the increasing financial difficulties and the lack of benefits for the people in the late Southern Song Dynasty.Overall,Heji Jufang had undergone multiple edits and had finally been finalized.The addition of each period was closely related to the social background at that time,proving what Liu Xie said:"The change of literature was influenced by the world’s situation,and the rise and fall were influenced by the timing." Therefore,the study of the completion of the Heji Jufang was not only a study of itself,but also a reflection on that period of history. |
PDF Full Text Request