A Study Of Hermeneutic As Theory Of Being On "Chanting Poems Out Of Chapter" In Zuozhuan

Zuo Zhuan recorded a large number of events in which nobles in the Spring and Autumn period cited and used The Book of Songs,including "Chanting poems"、"Quoting poems"、"Reciting poems"、"Singing poems",of which the most typical is "Chanting poems out of chapter"or"Taking meaning out of context".This kind of poetic activity is different from the interpretation of the classical annotation mode since the Qin and Han Dynasties.It is a particularly exemplary link in the history of Chinese interpretation,especially in the history of interpretation of The Book of Songs.Therefore,an indepth study of the interpretation mode of"Chanting poems out of chapter"in Zuo Zhuan is of great theoretical significance for us to think about the modern transformation of Chinese classical interpretation tradition and even reflect on the gains and losses of the construction of "Chinese hermeneutics".Due to the limitation of ideological horizon,there are obvious deficiencies in the previous research:mainly studying "Chanting poems out of chapter" from the perspective of literature and history,and the research at the philosophical level is very weak;even at the level of philosophical hermeneutics,the research only regards "Chanting poems out of chapter" as a text interpretation activity,that is,as the interpretation activity of the existing subject to understand and explain the existing objective text,but fails to deeply explore the ontological significance contained in this interpretation activity itself,including the existence of poetry situation as a pre-existential.the generation of the new meaning of the text in the aspect of object and even the generation of the new subjectivity of the interpreter in the aspect of subject.In view of this,based on the full investigation of the previous research results,especially the relevant research results of literature(including poetics),history and philosophical hermeneutics,this paper makes a comprehensive and indepth systematic study on "Chanting poems out of chapter" in Zuo Zhuan.Specifically,this paper mainly includes three parts:The first part is the introduction,which aims to explain the research on "Chanting poems out of chapter" in Zuo Zhuan,mainly including the research significance,previous research status and problems,research methodology and so on.This paper gets rid of the subjective interpretation mode of previous studies,examines the Chanting poems from the perspective of pre-subjective "life as Being",and finds that "Chanting poems out of chapter" is not a simple text interpretation activity,but a matter of general "Theory of Being".Based on the investigation of the hermeneutic paradigm and its problems adopted in previous studies,this paper puts forward a concept of "Hermeneutics as Theory of Being",and points out that the task of this hermeneutic form is not only to reveal why interpretation itself becomes the manifestation of Being,but also to clarify how this interpretation activity itself generates new beings.Therefore,this paper is named "A study of Hermeneutic as Theory of Being on‘Chanting poems out of chapter’".The second part is the research on the principle of "Chanting poems out of chapter" in Zuo Zhuan.The content of this part belongs to the comprehensive study of Hermeneutic as Theory of Being on "Chanting poems out of chapter",it is intended to summarize the general principle of "Chanting poems out of chapter" by analyzing the typical cases of Chanting poems.The first step is to expound the significance of Theory of Being on "Chanting poems out of chapter",mainly to analyze "Chanting poems out of chapter" as situation.In the view of"Theory of Life as Being",Life as Being itself appears as a variety of life situations,the"Chanting poems out of chapter" belongs to such a life situation.This so-called "qing"(情),contains two meanings:The first is the "situation of activity" which means that "Chanting poems out of chapter" as the "activity" itself is the real situation and actual situation.As the expression of the social life style in the Spring and Autumn period,Chanting poems presents as a structured ritual procedure.The second is "emotion of human beings",which means that the "Chanting poems out of chapter" itself contains and presents "emotion of human beings".This "emotion of human being" mainly refers to the emotion or intention of the chanters.In this sense,"Chanting poems out of chapter" presents a state of "situation of things" and"emotion of human beings",that is,a state of blending "emotion" and "rite".This so-called"jing"(境),does not refer to the specific spatial location of Chanting poems,but refers to the"situation",that is,the "Chanting poems out of chapter" as an event is not an established and ready-made activity,but an unexpected experience,therefore,"Chanting poems out of chapter"as a matter presents as a "situation".It is in this situations that the poems text and the chanters,as the existential,constantly obtain the possibility of "to being".In this sense,"Chanting poems out of chapter" as a "situation",can be described as the "Being" of the "Pre-being".The second step is to clarify the significance of Objectiveness of "Chanting poems out of chapter",in order to reveal the producing mechanism of the new meaning of the poem,that is,how the "Chanting poems out of chapter" as a situation produces a new poem text.From the perspective of hermeneutics,"Chanting poems out of chapter" includes two aspects:"Chanting poems expresses ambition" and "Taking meaning out of context".The former involves the problem of "meaning" in Chanting poems.This "meaning" mainly includes three aspects:the meaning presented in the poems,the meaning expressed by the chanters and the meaning accepted by the listener.The latter,namely "Taking meaning out of context",belongs to the producing mechanism of the new meaning of the poem in Chanting poems,which means that the poem produces new meaning in the process of being recited:"out of chapter" means the change of the form of the poem,"taking meaning" indicates that the chanters has a choice between the poem and its meaning,this chosing means the integration of the ambition and emotion of the chanters and the meaning of the poem,which produces new meaning.This new meaning does not come from a single factor,but is realized by the joint action and mutual integration of many factors with the function of assignment in the blending situation of "emotion" and "rite" in the current Chanting poems.The third step is to clarify the significance of Subjectivity of "Chanting poems out of chapter",in order to reveal the producing mechanism of the new subjectivity of the chanters,that is,how“Chanting poems out of chapter" as a situation produces a new subjective beings.In the description of Chanting poems in Zuo Zhuan,this concept of subjectivity is expressed as "zhi"(志).This "zhi"(志)first refers to the "emotion" of the chanters,which also includes the factors of "rationality" and "will",and "emotion" dominates the launch of "rationality"and "will".In this sense,we call this "zhi"(志)as "emotional will".With the structural appearance of "Chanting poems expressing ambition",that is,the "emotional will",the chanters obtains new concept,and then produced and presented as a new subject.We summarize the producing mechanism of this new subjectivity as "Chanting poems can produce",that is,the blending situation of "emotion" and "rite" in the current "chanting poems" gives birth to a new subject.For this new subjectivity,this so-called "emotional will"can be described as a pre-subjective life emotion.In short,the study of Hermeneutic as Theory of Being on "Chanting poems out of chapter" shows that although interpretation is presented as the subject’s understanding、interpretation and even application of the text,it itself is a life situation that can be carried out by some chance,and the subject and the text constantly obtain the possibility of "to being" in the presentation link of this situation.in this sense,interpretation is not the so-called way of beings itself,but the manifestation of Being itself.The third part is the case analysis of "Chanting poems out of chapter" in Zuo Zhuan.The content of this part belongs to the specific study of hermeneutic as theory of Being on"Chanting poems out of chapter",which aims to make a specific analysis of all cases of chanting poems in Zuo Zhuan(including Guo Yu),so as to ensure the comprehensiveness of the study of "Chanting poems out of chapter".From the level of beings,the so-called"situation" is embodied in the life scene under a historical way of life.Therefore,according to the differences in the display links of different life scenes,we divide the situation of"Chanting poems out of chapter" in Zuo Zhuan into four categories:(1)"Meeting" is the assembly chanting poems,a total of 10 cases;(2)"Alliancing" means alliance chanting poems,a total of 3 cases;(3)"Visiting" means the visit chanting poems,a total of 10 cases;(4)"Persuading" is to encourage chanting poems,a total of 4 cases.Therefore,this kind of analysis can be described as a "situational analysis",that is,to implement the general hermeneutic as theory of Being principles in the second part into different categories of Chanting poems situations——not only to interpret them,but also to clarify the meaning of Theory of Being of the situation itself in this interpretation.Therefore,this analysis belongs to the reinterpretation of "Chanting poems out of chapter" in Zuo Zhuan.This paper has some innovations in the following aspects:(1)it breaks through the literary and historical vision of the study of "Chanting poems out of chapter" in Zuo Zhuan,but studies it with the methods of philosophical theory of Being and hermeneutics;(2)this paper deeply reflects on the western hermeneutics represented by Gadamer’s "Philosophical Hermeneutics" and the domestic research of "Chinese hermeneutics" in recent years,and brewing to put forward the real Chinese hermeneutics as Theory of Being;(3)break through the limitations of the text interpretation paradigm of the study of "Chanting poems out of chapter" and reveal its meaning of theory of Being and general methodology;(4)reveal the general principles of Chinese hermeneutics contained in "chanting poems out of chapter":characterize the "Being" of "pre-being" with the "situation" analysis of "Chanting poems out of chapter",the producing of new subjective beings with the change of chanter’s concept,and the producing of new objective beings with the producing of new meaning of poems;(5)according to the above principles,this paper comprehensively and systematically analyzes all the cases of Chanting poems in Zuo Zhuan.