A Research On The Ecological Dimension Of Nomadic Civilization In The Perspective Of Historical Materialism

The research on the ecological dimension of nomadic civilization in the perspective of historical materialism not only has the grim reality of the global ecological crisis and the international macro background of reflection on the development models between the East and the West,but also has the domestic development needs of socialist modernization and the practice of beautiful China in the new era and new journey,as well as the need to deeply explore and consciously display the ecological perspective and theoretical space of historical materialism.The academic circles of nomadic civilization mainly studies from ethnology,anthropology,Mongolology,history,sociology,and other dimensions,which provides an important reference for the research of the ecological dimension of nomadic civilization in the perspective of historical materialism.This topic attempts to reveal the intrinsic deep relationship between historical materialism and the form and ecological dimension of nomadic civilization,thereby reveal the nomadic civilization and its survival mode of “living by water and grass”,production mode of “nomadic hunting and herding”,and lifestyle of “meat and milk come from grass”,as well as the ecological dimension and contemporary value of it in the perspective of historical materialism.According to the standpoint and method of historical materialism,the existence and development of human society always requires a certain space,which is related to the geographical environment where humans live.It is the sum of the natural environmental conditions including landform,mountains,rivers,vegetation conditions,climatic factors,animal and plant resources and other environmental elements,which is the natural premise and biological basis for human survival and development.Nomadic geological and geomorphic features,nomadic climate and hydrological conditions,nomadic soil types and geographical environment of plant resources are the prerequisites for ecological economy of nomadic civilization.The basic productive forces and means of production of nomadic civilization,including land and vegetation,as well as the dialectical relationship between land,grass,livestock,and people,are the fundamental key for maintaining the original ecology of grasslands for a long time.That is to say,land,grass,livestock,and people constitute the ecological chain of nomadic civilization and its dialectical relationship.The balance between the five livestock and their internal relationships is one of the key factors for the ecological transformation of nomadic civilization.The balance between the land,grass,livestock,and people is the ultimate guarantee for nomadic ecological security.The change in land relations is a transmutation of the nomadic civilization.These constitute the balance between the land,grass,livestock,and people,which is the guarantee system for nomadic ecological security.Nomadic civilization and its corresponding production method and lifestyle as well as conceptual domains are manifested in: nomadic economy is the economic form to save the grassland ecology,the dialectic relationship between nomadic economy and population factors,as well as the production relations of nomadic economy and its changes represent nomadic economy and its main characteristics.The survival strategy of low carbon and environmental protection: based on the reasonable selection of grassland bearing capacity,domesticated animals that are superior to domesticated plants,timely conversion to ensure the reasonable utilization of grasslands,and other production methods that highlight “nomadic hunting and herding”;Emphasizing the law of natural selection can lead to survive and develop in an orderly manner,following the law of grass and livestock balance can lead to survive and develop in a effective way,and promoting a “living by water and grass” lifestyle such as seasonal camp and rotational herding,and pasture recuperation;The “Mongolian Robe” cycle means low carbon and environmental protection,a healthy and frugal diet culture of “eating half full means ample food”,a frugal living habit of “making the best use of everything”,and a “green and low-carbon” environment-friendly travel method that demonstrates the lifestyle of“meat and milk come from grass”.The concept domain generated on the basis of nomadic economy is the most scientific and most capable of protecting the Earth biosphere.The “heavenly father and earth mother” theory and the animism theory are the bottom line thinking of nomadic ecological consciousness,and “cherishing nature” and “cherishing life” are the practical thinking of nomadic ecological consciousness.The intangible and tangible systems corresponding to nomadic civilization and their role in protecting ecology are manifested in: in terms of religious beliefs,the concepts advocated by nomadic peoples,such as heavenly father and earth mother,the animism,the homology of life,the unity of all things,and the harmony of dharmadhatu,have become ethical consensus.Nomadic religious culture is an important component of the nomadic cultural system and a very valuable spiritual wealth of the nomadic people.Fully excavate the essence of ecological protection concept contained in the religious culture system of nomadic ethnic groups,and carry out research on nomadic religious beliefs from the perspectives of ecological interpretation of mythical stories and heroic epics,Mongolian shamanism and its ecological interpretation,Mongolian Buddhism and its ecological interpretation.Specifically,it can be explored from the ecological justification of totems,mythological stories,heroic epics,Mongolian shamanism and its ecological interpretation,Mongolian Buddhism and its ecological interpretation and other aspects by nomadic religious belief and its role in ecological protection;It can be explored the nomadic ethics and its ecological protection function from the nomadic ethics and its ecological protection role with the pan-ethical sentiment of animism,the ethical standards of “life first”,the paradigm of great love for survival.It is of great value to explore the nomadic law and its ecological protection function from the aspects of ecological protection period and circle in taboos,sacrifices and precepts,ecological protection laws in customary laws,statutes and codes,and hunting ethical rules of “the earth forbids the taking of a time”.From the perspective of “maintaining harmony between humanity and nature when planning our development”,It has important enlightenment and reference value in contemporary times by consciously conducting ecological dimension research on nomadic civilization.This is because the ecological characteristics of nomadic civilization’s way of life are manifested in: compared with agricultural civilization’s “cutting down the grass and eliminating the roots” and industrial civilization’s “drain the pond to get all the fish”,nomadic civilization has a distinct and profound “low-carbon cycle” ecological characteristics;From respecting nature:orderly development with moderate restrictions,complying with nature: organic development with ecological constraints,protecting nature: moderate development with green guidance,etc.,we can highlight the moderate development quality of the development mode of nomadic civilization;From the perspectives of survival constraints: ecological limits,environmental capacity,and resource carrying capacity,development constraints: ecological restoration,environmental purification,and resource carrying capacity,and development limits: ecological carrying capacity,environmental capacity,and resource carrying capacity.it intensively highlights the contemporary enlightenment value of the ecological dimension of nomadic civilization.Through natural selection mechanism,the cultural choice of nomadic civilization reflected by economic form and value orientation manifested in the exquisite display of the unique advantages of nomadic grassland productivity and biodiversity,and its survival wisdom has distinct ecological characteristics,consistent with the principle of niche;The interactive coexistence relationship between biodiversity and cultural diversity shows that the disappearance of nomadic culture accelerates the loss of grassland biodiversity,which not only provides historical experience and testimony for the protection of nomadic cultural diversity,but also has important practical significance;The effective integration of survival constraints and development moderation restricts human survival activities within the carrying capacity of ecosystems,environmental systems,and resource systems,restricts human development activities within ecological restoration,environmental purification,and resource carrying capacity,and controls human development limits within ecological carrying capacity,environmental capacity,and resource carrying thresholds.This has important reference value for in-depth understanding of high-quality development oriented by ecological priority and green development.