Class Factors Of Private Entrepreneurs And Corporate Charitable Donation

In the more than 40 years of reform and opening up,China’s economic development has achieved world-renowned achievements.The private sector of the economy that accompanies the market-oriented transformation of China’s economy has sprung up like mushrooms after a rain shower,and has gradually become an important driving force for China’s economy.At the same time,the movement of enterprises to assume social responsibility has gradually prevailed.Corporate charitable donations,which are at the highest level of corporate social responsibility,have grown rapidly and have received extensive attention from academia and industry.What factors will affect the decision-making of corporate charitable donations has become one of the important issues that scholars pay attention to.Although existing studies have explored the influence of organizational internal factors and external factors on corporate philanthropic donation decisions,entrepreneurs themselves or their agents act as enterprises The individual characteristics of the decision maker will also affect the corporate donation decision.Although some scholars have conducted research on the individual characteristics of donation decision-makers,most studies have neglected that entrepreneurial decision-making behavior is embedded in the social structure.Aiming at the deficiencies of existing research,this article starts from sociological theory and uses three parallel sub-studies to explore the objective class elements(class source,class flow)and subjective class elements(subjective status perception)of private entrepreneurs donating to private enterprises The impact of decision-making.The branding theory points out that the experience and consciousness of individuals in sensitive periods(such as changing jobs,changing classes)will affect their personality characteristics and behavioral decisions.Based on this,this article believes that even though private entrepreneurs are now in the upper class of society,they come from private enterprises of different classes There will be differences in the donation decisions of families.Study one uses 20177 data from eight national private enterprise surveys from 2000 to 2014 to analyze.Firstly,it uses the organizational authority model to define the source class of private entrepreneurs from the perspective of organizational nature and authority position.Discuss the donations of private entrepreneurs from class sources.The results show that private entrepreneurs from high-and low-class enterprises are more willing to donate and have higher donations.In addition,the political connection of private entrepreneurs,as an informal system,strengthens the influence of class sources on corporate donation decisions,but this adjustment mechanism is also affected by the degree of local formal system development,that is,in regions where the formal system is more developed,The more difficult it is for political connections to enhance the relationship between the source of private entrepreneurs and corporate charitable donations.The study also revealed possible transmission mechanisms.The results show that although both high-and low-level private entrepreneurs have higher levels of charitable donations,high-level private entrepreneurs are mainly promoted by social identity norms,while low-level sources Of private entrepreneurs are mainly promoted by social emotions,showing differences in the influence mechanism of the source of class on the decision-making of corporate donations.The first study explored the influence of the source of the objective class on the corporate charitable donation decision,and class mobility,as another aspect of the objective class element,also has an impact on the consciousness and behavior of donors.Starting from the theory of social capital,this article believes that on the one hand,class mobility will bring more social capital(such as economic capital and human capital,etc.)to private entrepreneurs to be more capable of donating;on the other hand,class mobility experience will prompt private enterprises Families are aware of important ways to obtain social capital(such as government support,etc.)and are more willing to donate.The second study also uses the data from the survey of private enterprises for analysis.First,it defines class mobility,including the degree and frequency of class mobility.Since private entrepreneurs are defined as the upper class of society,the degree of class mobility can be expressed by the gap between the source class of private entrepreneurs and the upper class of society.The frequency of class mobility indicates whether private entrepreneurs experience changes in different classes and the frequency of changes before starting a business.Secondly,regression analysis is used to verify,and the results show that private entrepreneurs who have experienced class mobility and the higher the frequency of class mobility,the willingness and level of donation in their enterprises are higher.In addition,sudden external disaster events will significantly increase the impact of class mobility on charitable donations,that is,whether private entrepreneurs who have experienced class mobility in donation decision-making gaps will be widened under disaster events.Research one starts from the perspective of class sources,and research two starts from the perspective of class mobility.Together,they complete the research on the impact of private entrepreneurs’ objective class factors on corporate charitable donation decisions.Corresponding to the objective class elements is the subjective status element of private entrepreneurs,that is,the subjective status perception.Despite the rapid development of private enterprises along with the transformation of China’s economy,policy changes and the bumpy progress of the reform process have caused the social identity of private entrepreneurs to fluctuate,which has also created differences in the perception of subjective status of this class.This article believes that this difference in social level perception reflects the difference in resource acquisition and ranking,which in turn shapes private entrepreneurs ’ views on corporate affairs and their responses to strategic situations.Study 3 uses the subjective status perception part of the private enterprise survey data to verify,and the results show that the higher the subjective status perception,the higher the donation amount of the company where the private entrepreneur belongs.In addition,the research also found that the scale of private enterprises and the institutional environment have a negative regulatory effect on the relationship between subjective status perception and charitable donations,that is,the perception of subjective status of private entrepreneurs plays a role in corporate strength and regional institutional environment to a certain extent.The role of mutual substitution.When the company is small and the institutional environment is poor,the higher status perception replaces the formal system to promote charitable donations.Some scholars had done some researches on the strategy making of corporate social responsibility.There are many influencing factors,including internal organizational factors such as corporate size,governance structure,financial performance,corporate ownership,etc.,as well as external environmental factors such as industry characteristics,government tax rates and other factors.Research on the characteristics of entrepreneurs is also Mostly concentrated on the impact of objective static factors such as economic level,religious beliefs,and political connections.The research results of this article make up for the lack of attention paid to the entrepreneurial elements in corporate social responsibility decision-making by domestic and foreign researchers,and enriches the impact of corporate social responsibility factors.the study.In addition,previous studies on managerial characteristics have focused on factors such as age,education level,religious beliefs,etc.This article incorporates entrepreneurial factors into the research category of individual characteristics,expands the research on managerial characteristics of high-level echelon theory,and enriches relevant theory.At the same time,the research results provide certain guiding significance for the optimization of decision-making by private enterprises and the solicitation of fundraising by the government and non-profit charities.This article also has certain limitations: First,limited by the type of data,the discussion of donation decision-making in this article only examines the willingness to donate and the level of donation.In the future,we can consider dividing the types of donations based on the destination of donations,so as to make a more detailed division of the influence of private entrepreneurs on donations;second,because the survey subjects of private enterprises in different years are randomly selected rather than fixed,so The overall data is non-time series data,and it is impossible to examine the impact of time changes on corporate donation behavior.In the future,we can consider using time series data to explore how the influence of the private entrepreneur class factors on donation behavior will change over time.Third,this article only examines the donations of the private enterprise in China.Future research can consider collecting data from state-owned enterprises and multinational enterprises,so as to explore whether there are differences between the entrepreneurial factors in the donation decisions of different types of enterprises.