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Study On Regional Imbalance Of Labor Productivity In China

Posted on:2023-03-30Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:X ZhangFull Text:PDF
GTID:1527306827951629Subject:Applied Economics
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As the world population growth slows,the current global economic downturn and the spread of COVID-19 after 2020 make economic recovery more difficult.Today,there are still many poor countries and regions in the world,and the gap between them and developed countries is very large,and even the most developed countries are also faced with the problem of increasingly solidified class,the gap between the rich and the poor is getting bigger and bigger.China also has the problem of unbalanced development.Short-term fluctuation and long-term growth of economy are two extremely important research fields of macroeconomics.The study of shortterm fluctuation of economy is related to social stability and economic decisionmaking.From the perspective of social development history,the study of long-term growth law of economy has far-reaching significance for human well-being.The improvement of labor productivity is the long-term driving force to achieve economic growth,and also one of the direct reasons for the development differences between regions.Therefore,while studying how to improve labor productivity,it is not only important but also urgent to pay attention to the unbalanced development of labor productivity.In this study,based on the theory of economic growth,explore the social labor productivity in 1998-2018 regional imbalance of concrete mechanism,especially the factors of production to the labor productivity,the influence of the country for rational allocation of production factors and make reasonable economic decision has important reference meaning and realize China’s economy in a new context is more strong and sustainable development.Based on systematic analysis of labor productivity,regional imbalance and other related theories,this study analyzes the regional pattern of labor productivity,its influencing factors and theoretical characteristics from the perspective of economic growth theory and location theory.Taking the regional imbalance of labor productivity as the theme and considering the temporal and spatial effects of labor productivity,the following main research questions are proposed: First,what is the current situation of the regional imbalance of labor productivity in China? What are the prospects for the future? Second,how does the absolute level of factors affect labor productivity at different levels,levels and economic belts at provincial and prefectural levels? Third,how does the structure of factors of production affect labor productivity? Fourth,what is the influence mechanism of relative level of factors of production on technology?This study discusses the heterogeneity under different levels of factors of production by applying economic growth model.Using spatial econometrics and Stata,Excel,Python and other software for data processing and empirical analysis,the study calculates and studies the status quo of regional imbalance of labor productivity and the influence mechanism of factor level on labor productivity.Based on economic growth theory,regional imbalance theory and industrial structure theory,the convergence pattern of regional labor productivity and the influence of absolute and relative level of factors on labor productivity are investigated.This study expounds the influence of the structure of production factors on labor productivity and reveals the influence mechanism of the relative level of production factors on technology.Finally,the research results are summarized and the future is prospected.The conclusions of this study are as follows:Firstly,Moran’s I,Geary’s C and Spatial Dubin’s model are used to analyze labor productivity,and it is found that labor productivity has obvious spatial effect.The regional imbalance of Labor productivity in China is very significant.It is found that the high labor productivity of developed provinces will significantly improve the labor productivity of neighboring provinces through the radiation effect.Meanwhile,the ratchet effect between provinces is very strong nationwide,and the labor productivity between developed provinces and less developed provinces will gradually increase in the future.Second,based on the measurement of different hypotheses and models,the impact of factors on labor productivity varies greatly,no matter in the direction,size or form of the impact.In general,the impact of capital on local labor productivity is basically positive,while the impact of capital on foreign labor productivity is uncertain.The direction of Labour’s influence on the local and the field is uncertain;The local impact of technology is basically positive,but the external impact is negative in the short term and uncertain in the long term.Third,the imbalance of labor productivity varies in different areas and different levels of regional division.Within the three economic belts of east,West and Central China,the labor productivity differences among provinces are narrowing,and the overall convergence of the three economic belts of east,West and Central China is seen.However,in the whole country,the difference of labor productivity between cities is narrowing significantly.This convergence phenomenon is more obvious in the Bohai Rim,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta,and the convergence rate is faster.Fourthly,under different assumptions,factors have different effects on the regional imbalance of labor productivity.When the ratchet effect is not considered,the impact of capital on labor productivity is not significant,technology has a positive effect on labor productivity at all levels,and the degree of fluctuation is small,while labor has a negative effect on labor productivity,and its effect deteriorates further with the increase of labor supply.Under the premise of technology externality and constant return to scale of production function,the constrained regression is used to calculate the impact of capital and labor on labor productivity.Labor factors show negative impact on labor productivity within and between the three industries,while capital shows positive impact.Fifth,use the distortion measure elements relative levels of elements can be found that the relative level will not only have directly on the three major industries of nonlinear negative influence,and are exogenous relaxation technology and scale of production function unchanged under the premise of remuneration,elements will relative levels by reducing the technical efficiency index and technological change to reduce the total factor productivity,Ultimately,it indirectly reduces labor productivity.The possible innovation of this study lies in the following attempts based on existing literature and theories:First,based on the theory of economic growth,the time effect and space effect of labor productivity are considered in the same frame.Although there are many studies on the time effect and space effect of China’s economic growth,most of these studies are carried out separately.There are only a few articles about labor productivity,and even if there are similar studies,they are generally conducted on the whole nationwide.This study not only uses spatial econometrics to study the spatiotemporal effect of labor productivity,but also uses other econometric methods to conduct auxiliary research on labor productivity,which further verifies the existence of the spatio-temporal effect of labor productivity.At the same time,spatial heterogeneity is also considered,and the data of different economic belts,economic circles,spatial levels and industries are analyzed,and the existence of spatial heterogeneity is found.In addition,due to the subjectivity of factor accounting,this study selects different indicators for robustness test of some variables,which verifies the correctness of the theory.Second,the nonlinear relationship between capital,technology,labor and labor productivity is found through the benchmark model,quantile regression and threshold cointegration model with the addition of quadratic terms.Distortion theory,the third,the study analyzes the elements in the free flow of factors of scale and production function for the same premise,using the input-output method and the production function method to estimate the elasticity coefficient of each factor of production through mathematical deduction,the level of distortion measuring elements,elements to calculate relative levels,relative levels found elements impact on labor productivity have two different way,One is that labor and capital directly affect labor productivity,and the other is that labor and capital indirectly affect labor productivity by affecting technology.
Keywords/Search Tags:Labor Productivity, Regional Imbalance, Convergence, Spatial Effect, Factor Distortion
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