| The Hmong ethnic group is a cosmopolitan ethnic group widely distributed in Thailand,Vietnam,Laos and other Southeast Asian countries and the United States,Britain,Australia and other European and American countries.China is the hometown of the Hmong ethnic group.The Hmong ethnic group in China has formed a martial arts culture with rich connotations in the long history of development.Due to the failure to form a systematic inheritance mechanism,the Hmong martial arts was in trouble with inheritance and has appeared enthusiasm,short-term,utilitarian and other undesirable tendencies in the inheritance recently.The inheritance mechanism should be an important topic in the study of Hmong martial arts inheritance.In contrast,the current research on the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts is still relatively weak.In view of this,this paper analyzes the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts through the case study of Yangpai Hmong village with the actor network theory as the explanatory framework.First,the field survey method was used to investigate the Yangpai Hmong Village’s geographical location,martial arts technology,herbal medicine,equipment and crafting technology,venues or venues,etc.,which provides material support for analyzing the elements of the Hmong martial arts inheritance mechanism.Secondly,through interviews with village elders,Hmong martial arts masters,ordinary villagers,government staff,relevant personnel of the Culture and Broadcasting Bureau and Martial arts Association,etc.,we obtained information about the village’s folk festivals,a brief history of the village,the history of the inheritance and development of martial arts,cultural tourism,martial arts entering the campus,and intangible cultural heritage,martial arts competitions,etc.,On this basis,using the method of literature research and case analysis,taking the relationship between people and things,process theory,and holism in actor network theory as the methodology,combined with the researchers’ understanding of the mechanism,analyzed the constituent elements,generation process and operation mode of the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts from the micro,medium and macro level perspectives.When analyzing the constituent elements of the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts,and referring to the concept of "actor" in the network theory of actors,the elements of the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts are divided into two categories in micro level: people and things.The elements include not only Hmong boxer,other villagers,village elites,etc.,but also bandits,robbers,etc.;not only the elements of Hmong boxer,village elites,etc.,but also the elements of martial arts equipment,herbs,venues,etc..From the perspective of the role they can play,these elements can be regarded as the actors of the inheritance of Hmong martial arts as a kind of force.At the same time,these elements become actors in the relationship,with balanced dynamism;they play different roles in different contexts,and their power changes;they may even gradually recede,or have other people or things join in and become new actors,which in turn causes dynamic changes in the element structure of the inheritance mechanism;these elements of people and things form a "chain" of inheritance in the connection,and the break of any element may lead to the stagnation of inheritance.even endangered.When studying the generation process of Hmong martial arts inheritance mechanism in meso level,the concept of "translation" in actor network theory and the process theory embodied in actor network theory are used for reference.Starting from the practical problem of Hmong martial arts inheritance and village development,in the process analysis of Yangpai Hmong village martial arts culture tourism proposal and road selection,the logical origin of the Hmong martial arts inheritance mechanism is revealed;from the interests of individuals or groups related to Hmong martial arts inheritance,in the analysis of the process of entering martial arts competitions,martial arts intangible cultural heritage,and campus inheritance of foreign platoon Hmong martial arts,revealing the motivational basis for the generation of the Hmong martial arts inheritance mechanism;starting from the allocation of personnel and resources related to Hmong martial arts inheritance,in the "inheritance of Hmong martial arts" The process of becoming the actors of Hmong martial arts inheritance through people such as the Base,"Research Association",students from Wanshui Primary School,martial arts enthusiasts in surrounding villages,the Education Bureau,Qiandongnan Prefecture Daily Office,etc.,together with the folk culture square,Hmong martial arts Museum,land,funds,etc.In the analysis,the recruitment of actors in the formation of the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts is revealed;starting from the overall thrust of the society formed by the inheritance of Hmong martial arts,the core actors in the generation of the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts are revealed in the analysis of the interests of relevant parties and the process of communication and negotiation.The research believes that: the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts is a kind of process existence and has dynamic changes;in different historical stages,the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts is not the same;in each specific period,the generation of the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts has its original logic,motivation base,recruiting of actors,core actors.Specifically,under the guidance of realistic issues such as individual survival and village development,in order to realize the inheritance of Hmong martial arts,the core actors transform the action intentions,goals,paths,etc.Its related interests,recruit relevant people and things to be the actors of Hmong martial arts inheritance,and then generate a Hmong martial arts inheritance mechanism that includes people and things,and the interests of all parties are intertwined.When analyzing the operation mode of the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts in macro level,the concept of "network" in actor network theory is used for reference,and the operation of the Hmong martial arts inheritance mechanism is placed in the actor network of Hmong martial arts inheritance for in-depth investigation.In the analysis of the construction process of the inheritance actor network in the historical process of martial arts,the operation mode of the Hmong ethnic group martial arts inheritance mechanism mainly takes the family as the unit and blood as the link,the operation mode mainly takes the village as the unit and the geography as the link,and the main mode of operation that takes the ethnic group as the unit and the karma as the link,mainly takes the individual as the unit and the coexistence of multiple ties and ties.The study believes that the construction process of the actor network of Hmong martial arts inheritance is also the formation and operation process of the Hmong martial arts inheritance mechanism;the Hmong martial arts inheritance mechanism operates in different ways,showing different Hmong martial arts inheritance actor networks.In the sense of inheritance It indicates the interrelationship and connection method of various people and things as inheritance elements.Summarize and reflect on the case study of the inheritance mechanism of Hmong martial arts,It is believed that the actor network theory has strong explanatory power,and the theory of the relationship between people and things,the theory of process and the theory of holism contained in it provides a paradigm for the study of martial arts and traditional ethnic sports,or provides a methodological reference;It helps to discover the crux of the deep-seated problems in the inheritance of ethnic traditional sports,and can also provide theoretical support and methodological guidance for the solution of the problem.At the same time,the case of Yangpai Hmong martial arts has many practical implications for the cultivation of inheritors of ethnic traditional sports,campus inheritance,and productive protection.Comprehensive productive protection including technology and equipment;paying attention to flexible evaluation systems in campus inheritance,and establish a mechanism for all parties to negotiate and associate;learning to convert the interests or needs of relevant parties in the process of communication and negotiation,so as to form a mutual benefit a network of actors that is chimeric and coordinated and inherited by all parties forms a joint force for the overall inheritance of all fields of society. |
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