How Can Tradition Continue

All the major leaders of the Party and the state in successive dynasties have stressed the importance of traditional culture inheritance to the development of the Chinese nation.No matter from their important speeches at conferences or a series of supporting documents issued by relevant departments,they all put the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese culture as the focus.For a long time,the academic community has formed a lot of insights on the protection and inheritance of Chinese intangible cultural heritage.Rescue protection,integrity protection and productive protection are almost universally recognized as important external means to promote or ensure the dynamic inheritance of traditional culture.However,under the background of almost the same social transformation and structural and institutional changes in China,the author finds out from the differences in the inheritance trend of some traditional martial arts boxing,why some boxing are on the verge of extinction while others are stable inheritance? Even in different inheritance branches or specific portals of the same boxing,why is there a relatively good or poor inheritance contrast? Therefore,based on the enlightening views of institutional guarantee at the national level,academic achievements,and the comprehensive background and basis of cultural inheritance dilemma,this study attempts to further reflect on the extent to which the inheritance efficiency of the learners determines the different inheritance trends of boxing varieties under the condition of convergence of external structural institutions or protective forces.To what extent can the diachronic inheritance action experience provide new enlightenment for the intergenerational transmission of traditional martial arts and other cultures?Based on this,this study takes "intergenerational inheritance and reform of traditional martial arts" as the basic object.From the perspective of combining individual experience and practical experience,it avoids the previous research perspective of inheritance dilemma,analysis dilemma and strategy proposal,and starts from a relatively good inheritance case,choosing "Tong Bei quan" as a specific research case to perspective relevant issues.On the one hand,on the basis of the theory of "cultural stagnation" proposed by Ogburn,combined with the theory of "structure" and "system",a nested analysis framework of "three-dimensional stagnation"(social structure stagnation-cultural subject stagnation-actor stagnation)is constructed,which is not only used to explain the generation logic of the inheritance dilemma of traditional martial arts.At the same time,it also focuses on the action trend of inheriting and reforming the traditional martial arts between generations.Under this analytical framework,Giddens’ "Structuralization theory" is mainly used as the underlying logical support of the text,while "traditional martial arts inheritance" is used as the intermediary field to discuss the dialectical relationship between inheritance structure and action.On the other hand,this study takes field investigation as the main means of data collection,focuses on the use of in-depth interview,participatory observation,ethnographic narration,memo writing and other operable methods,and combines the comprehensive application of literature analysis,oral history method,continuous comparison method,inductive analysis method and other methods to lay a good foundation for problem analysis.As a whole,the study believes that:First of all,from the perspective of traditional culture inheritance,on the one hand,any cultural skill has to go through at least two inheriting processes between three generations,that is,to form an "inheritance chain",it can have an "inheritance unit",which is the basic intergenerational premise for "inheritance".On the other hand,the follower should at least have the basic practice process of long-term recognition,proficiency and systematic teaching of the objects and images to be considered as the prerequisite of obtaining the professional ability to inherit a certain culture or specialized skill.Strictly speaking,only when the above two basic conditions are met can inheritance be realized.Secondly,as a process action of succession between generations,cultural inheritance itself is not only the capital continuation at the "physical level"(objects,knowledge,skills,culture,etc.),but also includes the capital succession at the "human level"(relationships,networks,status,etc.).Focusing on the traditional martial arts,the answer to the question of "what to pass on" and "what to inherit" is extracted from the answer to the cultural capital of "Tao,art,art and utensils" and the social capital of "circle relationship".From the perspective of inheritance rationality,it can be divided into three orientations,which are passed on as family,country and human heritage.Then,although the pass-through is in good condition and different generations have consciously protected and changed,it is hard to avoid the emergence of inheritance cracks in the trend of social transformation and cultural change.Such unforeseeable cracks are mainly the result of the nested effect of the "three-dimensional hysteresis" of "structure--culture--people(action)".Social structure not only affects the choice of cultural inheritance subjects and actors,but also shows that actors reproduce the existing structure of traditional martial arts based on their own initiative.It is mainly reflected in that learners actively embed in the system or rely on macro-structure resources and constantly feed and construct the boxing culture they have learned on the basis of cultural consciousness and cultural feedback.Planning and consciously bridging the gap between structure,culture and people.Moreover,the continuation of tradition from generation to generation depends not on one generation,but on a continuous "intergenerational inheritance action flow",from the identity of the inheritor to the generation of cultural elites to the construction of inheritance elites,and from the action of individual inheritance to collective inheritance.Inheritors have experienced such processes as dual disenchantment of mind and body,vertical deepening superposition of inheritance identification,refined deepening and advancement of inheritance technology,and cultivation of self-efficacy of inheritance.From the two-way construction of inside and outside,they internalize the inheritance consciousness,inheritance responsibility and inheritance mission into a belief of "a man must be great and perseverance".Finally,based on the conclusions of productive protection,creative transformation and innovative development mainly aimed at the culture itself,the author puts forward the view that "efficiency stimulation" is the internal driving force to promote the inheritance of traditional martial arts,which is a kind of giving play to the inheritors’ initiative from the inside out.On the basis of intergenerational "integration of knowledge and practice" and intergenerational "cultural feedback",the joint stimulation of cognitive efficacy,emotional efficacy and action efficacy can realize the reproduction of the actors themselves and the existing structure of traditional martial arts,so as to promote the good inheritance of traditional martial arts.