Political Economics Analysis Of COVID-19 Pandemic Policy

The history of human development is a history of continuous struggle against major infectious diseases.The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic is an important node in the long history of human anti-pandemic history.The large-scale outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic around the world has caused a large number of pandemic infections and deaths.According to WHO statistics,as of May 31,2022,the cumulative number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the world was 526 million,and the cumulative number of deaths was 6.28 million.(1)The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the normal order of the world economy.In 2020,only China has achieved positive economic growth among the world’s major economies.In response to COVID-19 pandemic,countries around the world have adopted various types of pandemic response policies,such as pandemic prevention and control,resumption of work and production,and macro-control.However,the effects of different countries’ response to the pandemic are quite different.Using the positions,viewpoints and methods of Marxist political economy to observe the differentiated epidemic prevention and control,resumption of work and production,and macro-control policies of various countries in response to COVID-19 pandemic,and analyze the deep-seated reasons behind the differentiated policies of various countries and their effects,is the field worth studying in political economy.Carrying out research on the political economy of policies to deal with COVID-19 pandemic is essentially an objective requirement for combining the basic principles of Marxist political economy with China’s specific reality,and continuously promoting the sinicization and modernization of Marxism.The political economy analysis of policies to deal with COVID-19 pandemic has gradually become a window for observing and understanding the basic system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the effectiveness of national governance,which is conducive to further demonstrating the institutional self-confidence,theoretical self-confidence,road self-confidence and cultural self-confidence of socialism with Chinese characteristics.On the basis of the existing research related to the policy to deal with COVID-19 pandemic,this paper focuses on carrying out research from the perspective of political economy,constructs a theoretical analysis framework of political economy for responding to the pandemic,and puts forward the main problems to be solved in the policy to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of political economy.To clarify the specific policies that need to be taken to solve the problem,a "fish in pond" model can be used to explain the mechanism of response to the pandemic,so as to explain different types of policy tools and strategic options for responding to the pandemic.Then conduct a tripartite game analysis on the policy of dealing with COVID-19 pandemic,use tripartite game to explain the reasons for the policy choice of differentiated response to the pandemic,and build an evaluation system for the effectiveness of policies to deal with COVID-19 pandemic.On this basis,by reviewing the policy practice of human anti-pandemic history and comparing major countries’ policies in response to COVID-19 pandemic,especially through the comparison of the goals,means and effects of China and the United States in response to the pandemic,this paper conducts a case study on China’s anti-pandemic priority and the United States economy’s priority in response to the pandemic.Summarize the deep-seated reasons behind China’s phased victory in anti-pandemic through strict pandemic prevention and control policies,and the "economic anti-pandemic" achieved by the United States through large-scale economic stimulus policies.Further examine the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis framework of political economy in response to COVID-19 pandemic policy.The basic conclusions of this paper: First,through the empirical test of the theoretical analysis of political economy,it is concluded that the "fish in pond" model can effectively explain the policy choices and effects of differentiated responses to COVID-19 pandemic,and the tripartite game analysis can effectively explain the reasons why countries have differentiated policy choices in response to COVID-19pandemic;Second,through the review of the history of human anti-pandemic and country-by-country comparison of policies to deal with COVID-19 pandemic,it can be concluded that the choice of differentiated pandemic response policies stems from diversified policy objectives.An effective policy to respond to the pandemic requires the help of a sound decision-making mechanism.The magic weapon lies in the continuous innovation of anti-pandemic tools.The ideal anti-pandemic effect requires effective national governance,and the support of the national anti-pandemic policy is due to the strong support of the people;Third,based on the analysis of the reasons for the different policies of China and the United States to deal with COVID-19 pandemic,it is concluded that the difference in the policy goals of China and the United States stems from the difference in the concept of national governance,the difference in policy choices stems from the difference in the basic social system,and the difference in policy effects stems from the difference of national spirit.The main innovations of this paper:First,"fish in pond" model has been proposed.Drawing on a metaphor about fish and water put forward by Marx when analyzing the experience of the working class,innovatively proposed "fish in pool" model,representing the policy choices of different countries to respond to COVID-19 pandemic through abstract policy combinations,and at the same time using the "fish in pool" model to abstract the effect of different countries’ policies to respond to COVID-19 pandemic,so as to incorporate various types of policies to deal with COVID-19 pandemic into a unified theoretical model for explanation.In order to deeply analyze the different policy choices and policy effects of various countries,a theoretical model with certain explanatory and explanatory ability is provided,and the theoretical innovation of policy research in response to COVID-19 pandemic is realized;Second,adopt a tripartite game to explain the reasons for countries’ differentiated policy choices in response to the pandemic.In order to deeply analyze the real reasons for the differentiated response policies of various countries,it is necessary to effectively analyze the decision-making basis and mutual influence mechanism of relevant subjects such as governments,enterprises,and residents in the process of policy selection and dynamic adjustment.By constructing the utility function of the government,enterprises and residents,it can deeply analyze the complex economic interests game in the decision-making and adjustment process of different countries in response to the pandemic,and explain the fundamental reasons behind different countries’ anti-pandemic strategies.Using the method of tripartite game analysis,this paper explains the internal reasons and mechanisms of policy choices in response to COVID-19 pandemic in various countries around the world with economic priority,anti-epidemic priority and political priority,and discloses the interests-driven and decision-making methods of governments adopting differentiated response policies at different stages of COVID-19 pandemic under the multiple games of epidemic prevention and control,economic development and meeting social needs,and then explains the deep-seated reasons why countries adopt differentiated policy combinations in understanding the epidemic,responding to the epidemic and resolving the epidemic;Third,use the VECM model to conduct an empirical analysis on the effects of China and the United States’ policies in response to COVID-19 pandemic,realize the quantitative analysis of policy choices and effects in response to COVID-19 pandemic.Innovatively incorporate the variables of pandemic prevention and control policies and macro-control policies into the same theoretical model to conduct empirical research,and compare the different policy effects achieved by China "active anti-pandemic" policy and the United States "economic anti-pandemic" policy.Analyze the internal relationship and mechanism of China and the United States’ differentiated policy choices and policy effects.