Research On Dynamic Changes Of Land Use And Landscape Pattern In Daming Country

With the development of remote sensing dynamic monitoring technology and GIS spatial analysis, land use/cover change is the important areas of today's global change research. It has not limited to the number and structure of land use changes in the quantitative research, but increasingly on the spatial and temporal patterns of land use change and its process. It can better understand the process and mechanism of land use change. And through timely adjusting human economic activity, land resources are used rational and sustainable.Landscape ecology as a new cross-discipline, it has great advantages in the process of landscape change and the research. Land use change has the original ecological characteristics. Different types of blocks on the structure and function has a great deal of similarity in landscape patches and land use change. In view of this, the paper analyzed the temporal pattern and development trends of Daming county land use, introducing landscape ecology principles and methods with RS, GIS and Fragstats3.3 landscape index calculations software.Based on the TM remote sensing image of Daming county in 2005 and 2008, the paper presents land use data and completes the land and forestry land use status map. On this basis, the paper study Daming county spatio-temporal patterns of land use dynamic change, and come to the following main conclusions:(1)The main land use types of Daming county is farmland, cultivated area of total land area in 2005 and 2008 respectively are 77.78% and 73.32%. The secondary is urban land, respectively 13.94% and 14.67%. Two major categories of county land area in the two periods are above 90%. Relative area of forest land, traffic land, waters and others are smaller. The main forest land is pure forest land, pure forest land area are respectively 66.76% and 72.52% in 2005 and 2008. Non-forest and mixed forest are second, respectively 19.56%,7.02%和17.64%,7.39%. Nursery, sparse woods and other suitable forestland are relatively small.(2) Changes of land use type: although the cultivated area has decreased, the farmland has been an absolutely dominant position from 2005 to 2008. In addition, Changes of forest area is the most obvious, from 2005 to 2008, an increase of 2951hm2, is 68.7% of forest area in 2005. Other types of landscape area are little change in a more stable state. From the transformation of land use types, the reduction of cultivated land is the most important source of other land types.The pure forest landscape has been dominant in forest landscape. From 2005 to 2008, the pure forest increases 2558.61hm2 and is 94.95% of pure forest total area in 2005. The second are the non-forest and mixed forest. the area are 839.9 and 301.59hm2 in 2005 and to 1277.69 and 535.07hm2 in 2008. The increasing area is 51.23% and 77.42% of total area in 2005. Other types of land area changed little. From the conversion of land use type situation, the conversion of each forestry land is relatively simple, usually shift from one to another, which move in or out of pure forest types are the main source of non-forest an mixed forest.(3) In the analysis of landscape pattern and dynamics, the land use and forestry land use types present the same trend from 2005 to 2008. The patch number and density of each land types increased, largest patch index decreased and mean patch area reduced. Patch types spread and advantages decreased, the landscape shows fragmentation trend. Patch shape index and fractal dimension is rising, intensity of human strength continuously increase. From the analysis of landscape spatial pattern, with Shannon diversity index, Shannon evenness index, parallel index spread and spread in the index view, the index has not changed significantly. Although the landscape has undergone large changes between types, it does not cause obvious changes of landscape pattern of overall.(4)Human activities of Daming county for the overall impact is growing adapting human impact index model. Regional human impact index increased from 50.37% in 2005 to 52.53% in 2008. On this basis, the paper analyzed the main driving factors of landscape pattern changes, policy, socio-economic aspects.