GIS-based Evaluation Of Landslide Hazard In Guizhou Province, China

In recent years, as human social economic activities are growing, the landslide disasters are frequent in China due to the excessive use of natural resources and continued environmental damages. Furthermore, China has become one of countries harmed by landslide disasters in the world. The landslide disasters don't only destroy seriously ecological environment, but the sudden and general of landslide harm badly to the development of social economy and people's life. The above these have caused the attention of the whole society. And the risk assessments of landslide disasters are effective means which are used to predict, prevent and reduce the losses of landslide disaster. Based on previous research methods and achievements, sixteen factors were selected, such as formation lithologic character, distance between rivers and disasters, precipitation, distance between mature fault and disasters, slope and so on, this paper will assess landslide hazards for Guizhou province by using the GIS technology, and verify the results of risk assessment. Firstly, we construct evaluation index system. Each evaluation index are expressed in the form of the layer by using GIS software (ArcGIS9.3) space analysis function, and space principal component analysis are achieves in the GRID module. Then combining with analytic hierarchy process (AHP), we will identify the evaluation index weight and construct the risk assessment model to evaluate landslide disaster in Guizhou province. Finally through data format's the conversion and analysis between GIS platform and professional SPSS statistical analysis software (EXCEL), risk assessment results'validation will be completed. The whole processes of research solve some practical problems, and obtain some beneficial results. Main results are as follows:(1) The landslide in Guizhou province are divided into 5 danger zones:very severely, severely, moderate, and relatively low and mild danger zone, and the results reveals the spatial analysis rules of landslide disaster in different risk levels in Guizhou province.(2) Based on the research methods, the science and accuracy of landslide hazard assessment are improved by using oriented and data guidance problem solved.(3)Based on the research means, the results of risk assessment became more accurate through combining with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and professional statistical analysis software (SPSS or EXCEL).(4) This paper verified the results of risk assessment and solved the problems of many current evaluation validation through analyzing record data of historical landslide disaster based on GIS and EXCEL before that has never been verified. The results found that our assessment results were identical with the actual condition, and proved this method could evaluate accurately regional landslide hazard.