A Study On Aperture Synthesis Based On CAPS Antennas

For the single-antenna radio telescope, the greater the diameter of the antenna, the higher the resolution. In fact, the diameter of the antenna is difficult to be made very large. Now the diameter of moving single-antenna is limited to 100 meters. However, aperture synthesis, which uses multiple small- caliber antennas, can achieve the function of a large-caliber antenna.Firstly, This article describes the basic principles and equipment-components of aperture synthesis. In order to realize aperture synthesis with 6 existing CAPS antennas, the article discusses equipments needed, how to realize the aperture synthesis, and the effect after using this technology. This article introduces the UV coverage theory in aperture synthesizing, its impact on the images, criteria for judging UV coverage. Based on UV coverage theory, the principles of arrays for the optimization of the aperture synthesis are discussed.In the line array, this paper gets optimum configuration with method of exhaustion and simulated annealing algorithm, array with 4 to 8 antennas in minimum lack are concluded. In planar array, it gets a new judging principle of optimum configuration array with genetic algorithm. Array with 6 and 8 arrays are concluded in minimum lack. Based on the array of CAPS antennas, the delicacy, resolution and UV coverage when aperture synthesis is used are presented. In the condition of adjusting of antennas, results in different arrays are discussed. Moreover, the best array for the new two antennas is given. Finally, according to different scientific goals, different observing programs are presented.