Studies On The Effective Fractions In Hangbaiju Root, Stem & Leaf --Extraction,Isolation And Application

The flower of Hangbaiju is a kind of famous chrysanthemum traditionally used as Chinese medicine and tea drink, of which effective components and pharmacological effects have been studied by many researchers. Those results showed that the flower contains many bio-active compounds such as flavonoids, terpenoids and polysaccharids. However, there is still a vacancy in the related research about its root, stem and leaf up to now. Tongxiang city is 搕he kingdom of hangbayu?in China, in which a mass of root, stem and leaf is abandoned annually due to a lack of effective utilization. This paper was located on conducting the bio-active components in the root, stem and leaf of Hangbaiju. Some results are as follows: 1) Six species of chrysanthemum flowers were collected from Tongxiang city, microwave-dried and extracted individually by thermal reflux method with 70% ethanol-water solution. The contents of total phenols (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) of above extracts were measured by spectrophotometry. Obvious difference was found in these chrysanthemums: Yizhongdabayu has the highest contents at 9.76% TP and 4.46 %TF (in dry base of flower), and Yeju is the lowest one at 3.21% TP and 1.99 %TF, respectively. Using the Chemiluminescence method to evaluate the scavenging capacities of six extracts on active oxygen free radical, their IC50 ranges are located in 0.54挆 1.98 mg/mi to æ…œH and 24.2---54.5^gIml to ², respectively. Among those chrysanthemums, Dayangju has the strongest scavenging activity to 02, and Ruangengxiaoyang/u is the weakest one; similarly, Zaoxiaoyangju has the strongest scavenging activity to æ…œH and Yizhongdabaqu is the weakest one. 2) The extracting technology of total flavonoids from the leaves of Xiaoyangju was optimized by means of a L³⁴ orthogonal test. Ethanol concentration 60%, solid/liquid ratio 1:20 and extracting time lhour were regarded as optimized parameters. A series of large-scale extracting tests were carried out using the flower, root, stem and leaf of Xiaoyangju as raw material and 4 extracts were given out then. Chemical Analysis showed that there is not significant difference of macro- and micro- nutrients among those extracts. And other indexes such as heavy metal, pesticide residue and microorganism are also according to hygienic demand. 3) Further studies revealed that all of the water-distilled extracts of flowers and root-stem-leaf of Xiaoyangju contained?abundant flavonoids, terpenoids and polysaccharide et al. Especially, the content of TP was much high and the TP in flower was higher than in other part. The scavenging capacity of these extracts on free radicals was also measured by two bio- chemiluminescence systems.Their ranges of IC50 against 0H and 02 were in 126---206^tgIml and 8.25?15.38j.tglml, respectively. And the scavenging capacity displayed a concentration-dependent relationship. 4) The results of safety evaluation of root-stem-leaf extract conducted by a rat 30-days-feeding test showed that the root-stem-leaf extract of Xiaoyang/u did not present any significant toxic effect. Anatomising examination did not show any abnormal pathologic changes. At the same time, there were no harmful effects on body weight, appetite, feed efficiency, viscera, and blood morphologic and biochemical indexes. So the no-effect dosage was regarded as 5.Og/kg body weight. Acute toxic test showed that the LI)50 both for rat and mice ,as well as male and female, was all above 2OgIkg body weights which meant that t...