| The coastal area of western mainland of South China locates in the tropics, where has plenty of heat and rain, so there are many rivers which discharge independently into South Sea and there is rich in fresh water fish too.In this paper, six bigger rivers in this area ,such as Tanjiang River,Moyangjiang River,Jianjiang River,Lianjiang River,Nanliujiang River and Qinjiang River,have been investigated and 82 species or subspecies have been collected . Integrating record in the past reference, there are 114 specie or subspecies altogether in this area, which belong to 4 orders, 16 families and 77 genera. There are 85 species in Cyprinforms which account for 74.56% of the total; 21 species belong to Perciformes which account for 18.42% of the total; 11 species or subspecies in Siluriformes which accounts for 9.65% of total; one species in Synbranchiformes which accounts for 0.88% of the total. Like the fresh water fish fauna of other rivers in East Asia, Cypriniformes constitutes the main component of the fresh water fish fauna in this area.The analysis of endemic species and average fauna resemblance (APR) between the compared areas is used in this paper. This area shares 2 endemic species with Xijiang river while 9 endemic species with rivers of Hainan island. This area has 90 species or subspecies shared with Xijiang River, and the APR between them is 58.38%; This area has 68species or subspecies shared with Hainan Island, and the APR between them is 65.99%.The above analysis suggests that the fresh water fish fauna in this area has a much closer relationship to the fresh water fish fauna of Hainan Island than to the fresh water fish of Xijiang River. Integrating the relevant information of historical geography, the author suppose that the Xijiang River were separated earlier from this area than Hainan Island did.Then a discussion of several species which are difficult to identify has been made.
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