Analyses Of Spectra Of Highly Lonized Cu And Ge

Highly ionized atoms have several properties that differ from those of neutral and few times ionized atoms. Since the nuclear charge Z greatly exceeds the charge of the remaining electrons, there are large magnetic effects. The 'allowed' electric dipole(El) transitions will encounter strong competition from 'forbidden' transitions, i.e. magnetic dipole(Ml), electric quadruple(E2) and other higher order transitions, The transitions rates for the forbidden decay scale with higher powers of Z than those of El transitions, The effects of quantum electrodynamics(QED) also scale with higher power of Z.Accelerator-based beam-foil spectroscopy(BFS) is an important method for spectroscopic studies of highly ionized atoms. Its principle can be outlined as follows: the accelerator produces a beam of fast ions which directs through the foil, Because of collisions with the foil atoms the fast ions may undergo further ionization, and they often emerge from the foil in excited electronic states. Then they decay by the emission of light. We can get the information about the structure of the atoms by analysis of the spectrum. In this technique, the particle density in the beam is very low(typically 105 thickness), So perturbations from collisions and inter-ionic fields are absent. BFS sensitively probes inter-electron correlation, relativistic and quantum electrodynamics corrections, so it can be used to test the basic many-body atomic theory or interpret spectra from space.The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:1 The history and development of beam-foil spectroscopy are reviewed, and the characteristics of BFS are also described. The main applications in the spectroscopic studies and lifetime measurement of highly ionized ions are summarized.2 The experimental principle and method of beam-foil spectroscopy are presented, andthe application of the isoelectronic sequence in the analyses of spectra is described, Cowan program for the theoretical calculations is introduced.3 The main facilities in our experiment are introduced. They consist of the HI-13 model tandem accelerator, the 2.2-meter grazing incidence VUV to soft X-ray monochromator and the data-processing system. The testing system is also described.4 The spectrum of highly ionized Cu and Ge was investigated by means of the beam-foil technique. By comparison with other experimental data we determined 42 energy levels of Cu and 13 energy levels of Ge. For the spectrum without experimental data for comparison, they are determined by isoelectronic sequence. The theoretical data is few, so we only determined 1 energy level of Cu and 6 energy levels of Ge transition, which have not been reported earlier.