The Species Diversity Of Aphids In Beijing And Its Around Areas

This paper deals with the Adelgoidea and Aphidoidea, Suborder Sternorrhyncha, Order Homoptera, Class Insecta.Aphids are important agricultural and forestry pests. There are more than 4400 known species worldwide; in China, aphids are represented by about 1000 known species. Except some species of Fordinae (Aphidoidea: Pemphigidae), most of the aphids disserve corns, cottons, vegetables, oilseeds, fruits, forests, herbs, pastures etc. Some of them often lead into huge yield losing of agriculture, and some even transmit botanic viruses, for example Aphis gossypii Glover, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and the aphids on the wheat. Aphids are also an important part of the biodiversity in the world. So the research of aphids is the necessary to the world's biodiversity research and must bring us potential economic values.Beijing and its around areas are comprised of Beijing City, Tianjin City and Hebei Province, lying in 36 03 ' ~42 40 ' N and 113 27 ' ~119 50 ' E. These areas are broad, about 2.27% in China. The landforms on these areas are with many differences. In the north and west are Yan Mountains and Taihang Mountains. In the south and east is Hebei Plain. There are five rivers over these areas. Therefore the types of the vegetation and the climate are various. And, these area are also on the border of the Palaearctic and the Oriental. Because of lack of distinct obstructs, the species of the Palaearctic or the Oriental in these areas can infiltrate into each other, there are very complicated and special fauna of aphids in these areas.As the pollution and other damages done on our environment have been getting more and more serious, the biodiversity of the insects must have been changed, too. Many species become extinct before we recognize them, and many common insects have burst out into disasters for our life. Beijing and its surrounding areas are in the center of China and have vital status in Chinese polity, economy, education, civilization and so on. The investigation of these areas' insects including aphids is requisite.There are 251 species, 106 genera and 13 families described in this issue, including 1 new Chinese record genus and 3 new Chinese record species. In this paper, keys tospecies, genera and families, diagnosis, host plants and distributions of families and genera are provided. To species, the following information is provided in the issue, main references cited, synonyms, geographical distribution, host plants and biology. Based on GIS techniques, aphid's geographical distribution figures are done. And species diversity of aphids in these areas are systematically studied from three following aspects, such as species component, endemic species diversity, and diversity of host plants. In the meantime, geographical distribution patterns of aphids in these areas are discussed in here. All specimens studied are deposited in the Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, and Chinese Academy of Sciences.