A Molecular Phylogenetic Study On The Relationships Inter Species In Procapra And Inter Genus In Antilopinae (Artiodactyla, Bovidae)

Thirteen samples total DNA was extracted and Cyt b complete gene was sequenced from three musle samples of Mongolian gazella from Mongolian ; three dried skin samples of Tibetan gazelle, five dried skin samples of Serow and two dried skin samples of Goral from Sichuan in China.By comparing the Cyt b complete gene of three samples of Tibetan gazelle, three samples of Mongolian gazella, a sample of Serow, a sample of Goral and 31 species(33 samples) from Genebank in the family Bovidae, the divergences,base composition and base substitutions among these sequences were analyzed.The phylogenetic trees constructed by most parsimoious(MP), neighbor-joining(NJ) and (ML) methods. Our study demonstrate:(1) The Mongolian gaze\la.(Procapra.gutturosa) and Tibetan gazel\G(Procapra. picticaudata) have the close affinity. They occupied a basal position in the Antilopinae.They belong to a single genus, Procapra. The Procapra is monophyletic in all analyses (MR NJ and ML phylogenetic trees ).The divergences of Mongolian gazella and Tibetan gazelle sequences were 3.78%.Their Saturation Level is more lower. In accordances to the Cyt b molecular clock (2%/million year) , we postulated the approximate divergence time is 1~2 million years between the Mongolian gazelle and Tibetan gazelle.(2) The Procapra and the Madoqua,the Saiga, the Antidorcas are Paraphyletic. They are sister group in the Antilopinae. The Procapra is a single genus in theAntilopinae. Except for the Antilope and the Gazella, the component Genera of Antilopinae are never monophyletic, they are Paraphyletic. The divergence times with clades was postulated in accordances to the Cyt b molecular clock (2%/million year),which estimated an approximate divergence time between the Procapra and the Saiga of 5.7-6.3 million years, the Procapra and the Madoqua of 6.1-7.2 million years, the Procapra and the Gazella of Antilopinae of 6.4-7.1 million years, the Procapra and the Antidorcas of 6.2-6.8 million years, the Procapra and others Genus (Neotragus, Oreotragus, Pantholops )of Antilopinae of 7-8 million years.