| Traditional metaphysics, it was all really " existing ultimatly " behind the target that was pursued , it is regard concrete and special storing this kind in and foundations of different characteristic of thing as to have, put out everything other in view of the above. This kind of thinking course of metaphysics once had a positive meaning, is favorable to people's better world around of understanding and assurance . However, with metaphysics growing, its existence has broken away from the real world day by day , become a kind of abstract " existing definitely ", even become a kind of mysterious domination strength of placing oneself above people and the world. Meanwhile, philosophy develops and becomes a kind of " scientific science " of placing oneself above science day by day too, that is to say philosophy has become the foundations of science and knowledge. This kind fettered scientific development unfoundedly finally, determined at the same time the philosophy oneself will be come from the scientific challenge. But it is impossible to totally repel metaphysics. This text divide three major part .It carry on research and criticize to " refuse metaphysics of upbraiding " general to Carnap to come. First part : receives the general proposition that " eleminate metaphysics ", is used for drawing the full text. It is important members of the logic positivism that Carnap receives generally, is one of the main leaders of the school of Vienna too, his empiricism attitude and despising changing all the time to traditional metaphysics. As to forefathers, he clear thought that proposition " eleminate metaphysics ". This part is explained from two respects: One respect concrete behavior that " refuse metaphysics of upbraiding", " refuse metaphysics of upbraiding " cause that get out of on the other hand. The former has explained what is a metaphysics proposition, namely: The metaphysics proposition is a proposition of stating a certain thing on all experience or. Then analysed the behavior that he " eleminate metaphysics " in detail . Its behaves concretly in two aspects, in the respect of the subject for research, he objects to studying ontology problem, the artificial metaphysics proposition is the meaningless nonsense completely; Respect in research approach, he require is it replace traditional argument method of metaphysics to come with logic analysis and method that language analyse, even if research logic of task of philosophy that he affirms , that is to say that carries on the analysis of the logic sentence structure to the scientific language systematically. The latter explains three reasons of " eleminate metaphysics ". The first reason: Traditional metaphysics violate " test into principle of verifying ", it is general with unable to verify but affirm metaphysics proposition pointless proposition to test metaphysics for Carnap to receive. The second reason: Traditional metaphysics is short of " the intellectual demand ", Carnap receives and regards including knowledge but defines the metaphysics proposition empty words in metaphysics as generally. The third reason: Estranged " synthesizing, analysing the proposition " of traditional metaphysics. It is general to is it test into principle of verifying and distinguish two purpose of proposition lie in metaphysics of repelling to put forward for Carnap to receive. Second part : Carnap receives the general development that " eleminatemetaphysics ". This text analyses to this from two respects. On one hand analyse the reason to develop of " eleminate metaphysics " , analyse the characteristic of developing of " eleminate metaphysics " on the other hand. To the former , analyse from two respects of the inside reason and external reason. Internal cause: From " eleminate metaphysics " oneself is it think to come , it has a theory defect ". It is not reliable to " test the principle of verifying ". Whether experience verify in Carnap receiving general to it seems to be divided two kinds into. Verify directly and verify indirectly. Is it is it realize to come through reasoning from logic to verify indirectly, reliable , then, is the direct confirmation of experience totally reliable ? Whether the answer was made. Feel oneself reliable and true , there may be illusion and illusion at first. Secondly, direct experience is the people's feeling in fact, and feel that has the subjectivity and private , any individual can't experience others' experience beyond oneself . External cause: " eleminate metaphysics " has suffered the fierce criticism. Ignore but value question censure society of " deny and abandon the morals principle " at first, it is Carnap that receive general radical attitude receive scientific philosopher later on especially historical school criticize thoroughly secondly. The latter can be divided into three characteristics stage by stage. The early characteristic is firm " eleminate metaphysics ". Early Carnap has received and carried on thorough clearing up and clearance to past philosophy about the discussion with essential things generally, repel ontology and theory of value outside the gate of philosophy. Carnap receives the general attitude toward metaphysics to relax to some extent in middle period, acknowledge metaphysics is meaningful to a certain extent, incorporate the metaphysicsproposition into " the value proposition ". Carnap of later period receive general to insist "eleminate metaphysics " still , defend oneself with thought , physics of doctrine, various kinds of scientific language being unified for language of physics. The third part : Carnap receives the general end that " eleminate metaphysics ". This part explores from two respects too. Analyse essence of " eleminate metaphysics " , analyse end of " eleminate metaphysics " on the other hand. The former analyses Carnap receives the general foothold that " eleminate metaphysics ": The doctrine of scientific centre, regard science as the only infallible knowledge form , try hard to reduce for natural science and based on natural science every science of unifying of all culture. In fact, the validity and legitimacy with rational science are relative, it is unable to explain and solve the meaning existing in life and value problem. It is scientific doctrine philosophy in fact that Carnap receives general " eleminate metaphysics ", the scientific doctrine philosophy oneself has not shaken off " metaphysics " , it was another kind of metaphysics that only it pursued , namely a kind of attempt explains the mode of logic structure based on experience of all scientific questions. True, there are its rational factors too in " eleminate metaphysics ". It is inadvisable that modern to still go to pursue a certain unalterable ontology. However, verify the principle and dogma taking language and logic as noumenonn and make the positivist fall into the mire of metaphysics . After all, science can not totally break away from philosophy. The latter explained from two respects too. It is the rationality that the metaphysics exists at first. It have being deep metaphysics ontology by human... |
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