The Death Mechanism Of Female Embryos In Chicken And Quail Hybridization

Cross breeding is the main breeding method and the important approach of incubate the new species. Chicken and quail intergeneric hybridization is a classic distant hybridization in fowl. In fowl science, chicken and quail belong to Aves, Galliformes, Phasiamidae, Gallus and Coturnix, and this hybridization combination has become the example of researching the incompatibility of different germ cell and sterile of distant hybridization. In the point of molecular biology the mRNA has different display of certain organism in different development stages and different cellular types. So analysis the function of gene expression is the key point in early embryonic development.The experiment investigated chicken(♂) and quail's(♀) early hybridization embryos. First, we observed the embryo and proved that when the fertilized egg hatched for 67-91h, the embryo's growth had the gentle increase trend . Most embryo dead concentrated in hatching for 69-72h, and the death in this phase was the main reason of the whole hatching progress.Second, In order to sexing the chicken and quail's hybridization, I designed a pair of primers referencing the Wpkci gene in quail's W chromosome, and the gene is special in sexing the quail. The primer amplified the cDNA of chicken and quail hybridization's embryo and obtained two special bands in female one, while male one received nothing. The experiment has built a method to sexing the hybridization of chicken and quail in early stage of embryo development.Third, we applied mRNA Differential Display to screening differential genes during early embryonic development of chicken and quail hybridization, cloned and analysised these sequences'relationship with the embryonic development of hybridization at the early stage, and presumed the main infection to the death of the early embryo. The result shows that six genes have high homoeology with several chicken mRNA, Gallus gallus AT rich interactive domain 3C mRNA, hypothetical protein mRNA, estrogen receptor binding site associated antigen mRNA , similar to peptidyl prolyl isomerase E mRNA. Especially we found the estrogen receptor binding site associated antigen mRNA may be have main infection with the early embryonic development.