Molecular Systematic Study On Several Species Of Camponotus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

The ant is a typical insect and subordinated to Hymenoptera, Formicidae. Based on the statistics, the recorded ants in the world include 16 subfamilies, 296 genus, 9538 species. Ants, with some 15,000 estimated species in all over the world, form a large group of animals that are dominant in most terrestrial ecosystems and important in the study of evolutionary biology because of the high expression of their social behavior.The study takes Camponotus insects as objects , by RAPD and sequencing technic ,analyzing these data with software (including POPGENE3.1,NTSYSpc2.1,ClustalX1.83,MEGA3.1,PAUP4.0b4a) and discussing the kinship and class status of the Camponotus, methods and viewpoints of the molecular systematic, revealing the phylogeny and evolution of them. The results of this study provided some new information and science spectacles for molecular systematic, enriching and perfecting Camponotus molecular systematic, settling a basement for the studying molecular systematic of Camponotus.Among 130 arbitrary primers tested, 15 primers could generate clear and reproducible fragments in all the 12 species. There are S47,S48,S53,S72,S73,S75,S76,S82,S90,S111,S113,S119,S132,S349,S350. The 15 primers employed produced a total of 156 scorable amplified fragments, of which 145 (92.95%) are polymorphic. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the mean of observed number of alleles (Na) was 1.9295, the mean of effective number of alleles (Ne) was 1.4815, the mean of Nei's gene diversity (He) was 0.2915 and the mean of Shannon's information index (I) was 0.4464.Cytb gene of 486bp Camponotus sequences shows strong A/T bias (the average content of A+T is 70.8%), A/T bias was more remarkable at the third position of codon (78.9%), and the variation mainly occurred in the third sites. Among the Cytb gene the variable sites were 183(37.7%), the variable was more remarkable at the third position of codon. The sequences encode 162 and there has 46 (28.4%) variable among them. All the species contained 19 amino acid except Cys, and contained the Cys amino acid as follow: C.dolendus,C.spanis,C.mitis,Po.illaudata,...