Research On Location Of Public Facilities Based On The Geographic Grid

The public facilities (hospital, fire station and school etc) are one of an essential element of city. The city will run normally when their location is selected scientifically. This paper, based on the geographic grid, studies the location problem of the public facilities in a city. The geographic grid is one of a traditional map. It becomes a strong analytic tool in the spatial data mining, however, when it is sued by means of remote sensing and geographical information system.Relevant theories on the location problem of public facilities are summarized at first. The advantages and disadvantages of the traditional models are then analyzed. Finally, a new frame is discussed to build the public facilities location models based on geographic grids. It has also been applied in Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province, on discussion to determine the location of a new fire-station.The following problems are discussed in details:1) The form of traditional location model which is under the geographic grid is discussed. A dynamic demand model based on time changing which is under the geographic grid is given. Then, the paper analyzes the differences between traditional methods and the method based on the geographic grid in the application.2) The establishing of geographic grid system which is about the problem of public facilities location is discussed. It includes the demarcation method, the coding rule and the data structure of the geographic grid.3) The paper expatiates on the key technology in the practical location, including the shortest path on geographic grid, the calculation of road grid and establishing the road-demand mapping table etc.4) The paper discusses the problem of selecting reasonable geographic grid scale on the location of public facilities.The research results described above have been proved in the problem of newly-built fire station location in the city of Kunshan.