| It is reported that many so-called "unidentified organisms" named " Tai sui" were discovered on river banks and from the soil in China these years. These "unidentified organisms" were identified as " Myxomycete complex" , but no thesis on this subject has been published yet. Therefore, there is no scientific definition on these "unidentified organisms". The term "myxomycete complex" is still used in this paper , but not as the implicit precondition or conclusion of the study, just for the convenience of appellation . The sample studied in this paper is the collection from the garden of Northwest University. And " myxomycete complex" is treated as environmental sample of microbial ecology studies to assess its myxomycete components and the fungal diversity . There are two parts in this study as following.1 20 strains of myxomycetes have been isolated from the "myxomycete-like complex", using corn meal-agar and oat meal-agar culture techniques. The morphological characters of the strains are described with light microscope(LM) and the microstructures of sporangium are presented by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The identification shows there are 2 species, Didymium verrucosporum and Diderma deplanatum.2 The fungal diversity of "myxomycete complex" is assessed with 3 combined technologies, the traditional culture method, the sequencing of clone library sequences and T-RFLP. The results indicates that there are Acremonium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Nectria, Gibberella, Cladosporium, Stachybotrys, Petromyces and Sarocladium in the sample, and Acremonium, Trichoderma, Penicillium are dominating ones. TRF pattern shows at least 18 OTUs in the sample.In summary, myxomycete components and the fungal diversity described in this study give a clue to the possible formation reason of " myxomycete complex". Detection of chemical components of "myxomycete complex" and analyses of the metabolism products of the microbial community will be involved in the further study.
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