Study On Fractal Properties Of Highway Network In Henan Province Based On GIS

Highway is very important for a region's production, daily life and sustainable development. In fact, people have paid more attention to the studay of the layout-form of regional highway network. A lot of works have done and fruitful results have achieved in the field. However, due to the appraisal indexes of highway have their respective pivot, and most of those appraisal indexes are quantitative indexes, they couldn't reflect the inherent rules of highway's layout-form from their spacial form. So we must to find a new index to solve the problem.The spacial form of the highway network is self-similarity, and it meet to the features of fractal, which can be studied by fractal theory. The model of highway network evaluating based on the theory, is an approximate algorithm which very simplely, according to the requirement of you study; you can use different types of fractal to solve the problem. The fractal studied in highway network, can be used to analyse the geometric features, the density features, the complexity degree, and the connectivity of highway network in space, we can get the adaptability, reachability, and connectedness of highway network more effectively, also provide a effectual tool to the evaluation of highway network. Therefore, it is very important to the rationality evaluation of highway network's scale, for we introducte the appraisal index of network covering degree.GIS is a spatial data information management system which collects, stores, manages, analyses, and describes the spatial data of earth surface, space and the information connect with distribution of geographical region, it's also a general technology of analyse and treat with massive geographical data, and it's a information science and technology that closely related with our existence and development. GIS has super powerful spatial analysis functions, including geometric analysis, network anlysis, topography anlysis, image anlysis, multivariate anlysis, and so on. And it gradually becomes a technical system which getting geography to maturity. Use GIS technology as an assistant method to judge a geographical object (highway network, such as) has fractal property or not, is a new trend for GIS applied in geography.Reviews the study of forerunner, this dissertation describes the concept and properties of fractal in detail, and the formation process of fractal theory. Then, the dissertation describes the application situation about fractal applies in physical geography, human geography and geographic information system, especially the emphasis on fractal applies in the study of highway network, and properties of highway network fractal, the internal mechanisms of form those properties, and the measure methods of highway network fractal. On this basis, the dissertation takes the 17 city-region's (Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Luoyang, Anyang, Puyang, Hebi, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Sanmenxia, Shangqiu, Xuchang, Pingdingshan, Luohe, Zhoukou, Nanyang, Zhumadian and Xinyang) highway network fractal as the research object, selects similar dimension as the research index, takes fractal theory, location theory, spatial statistics, surveying and GIS as theoretical basis, gets ArcGIS as software platform, and Excel as the tool of statistics and analysis, by means of graphics vectorization, vector data converte to raster data, mathematical simulation, numerical fitting, calculates coverage degree and coverage depth, and takes the result of calculation as the evaluation and analysis indexes, reveals the regional disparity and forming reason of highway network fractal of Henan Province, evaluates the rationality and influencing factors of each region's highway network spatial fractal configuration, gives some suggestions for each region's highway development in future also. At last, this dissertation descusses the significance of do well the highway development work for national economy development in Henan Province. On the base of the studay, this dissertation gets the following conclusion:1) The form of highway network hase fractal properties, it's feasible and effective for us to studay highway network by the fractal theory.2) Coverage degree and coverage depth could reflect the fractal properties of highway network; they are important parameters for highway network's distribution form evaluated.3) Using GIS method, we can get the highway network's fractal dimention number more converniently and more accurately.4) Using the GIS method and fractal theory to highway network planning, we get an effectual index and method for the evaluation and design of highway network.In the future research, we will emphasize on the form-changment of highway network in Henan Province from time-dimension, and we also will use the fractal theory to simulate the best development status of highway network in space, give an optimum design to highway network of Henan Province.In a word, the fractal theory not only reveals the complex degree of highway network's form, but also reflects the inherent law of highway network's layout-form at certain extent, and gives a very good basis to region highway network planning.