Effect Of Sex Hormone On Local Immune Regulation Of Uterus In Rats

To investigate the effect of hormone on the uterine of rat, the uterine structure and the distribution of immunocytes in the different periods of estrous cycle, and the different dose of estrogen and progesterone on the ovariectomized rat were studied. The research were estimated by histology, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry methods. This results were demonstrated as follows:Changes in the uterine structure and the distribution of imrnunocyte of rats in the different periods of the estrous cycle. (1) The endometrium and myometrium were the thickest in estrus, but the differences among different periods were not significant (P>0.05). (2) The number of PCNA and iNOS positive cells in dioestrus was less than the numbers in proestrus and oestrus, the differences among the three periods were not significant (P>0.05). (3)The mast cells in uterus were the most in dioestrus. Compared to the preoestrus and oestrus, the number of mast cells in uterus in dioestrus increased by 33.06% and 97.98% respectively, these diffrences were significant (P<0.05). (4) Compared to the estrus group, the number of eosinophils in dioestrus decreased by 31.80%, and the number of eosinophils in preoestrus decreased by 27.66%. But the differences among the three periods in the oestrous cycle were not significant (P>0.05).The structure and the immunocytes in the uterus of ovariectomized rats changed with the different dose of estrogen. (1) The endometrium and myometrium atrophy obviously in ovariectomized rats; when supplied with different dose of estrogen, the endometrium thickening and the myometrium proliferation were noticed. (2)The PCNA and iNOS positive cells decreased remarkably in ovariectomized rats. With the supplement of estrogen increasing, the PCNA and iNOS positive cells increased in ovariectomized rats. (3) The number of mast cell increased in ovariectomized rats, and the number of mast cell decreased by 32.65%～74.49% in ovariectomized rats with supplement of estrogen. (4) The eosinophils number decreased rapidly in uterus on the lack of estrogen. With the concentration of the estrogen increasing, the eosinophils number increased in uterus gradually, the difference between the estrogen group and the ovariectomized group was extremly significant (P<0.01).The structure and the immunocytes in the uterus of ovariectomized rats changed with the different dose of progesterone. (1) The uterus, endometrium and myometrium atrophy obviously in ovariectomized rats; With the supplement of different dose of progesterone, the endometrium and the myometrium thickening were noticed. (2)The PCNA and iNOS positive cells decreased remarkably in ovariectomized rats. With the supplement of progesterone, the PCNA and iNOS positive cells increased in ovariectomized rats. (3) Compared to the ovariectomized group, the number of mast cell increased 66.73% in low-dose progesterone group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). The number of mast cell decreased 70.67% in high-dose progesterone group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). (4) The eosinophils number decreased in uterus in ovariectomized rats. With the supplement of progesterone, the eosinophils number increased in uterus slightly, the difference between the progesterone group and the ovariectomized group was not significant (P>0.05).Above all, the structure and the imrnunocyte in the uterus had changed to acertain extent by the estrogen and progesterone supplement. This indicated that thehormone which is the main factor in regulating the reproduction and immunity,plays an important role in maintaining the structure and immunal function of uterus.