Study On Biodiversity Of Marine Lignicolous Halosphaeriales From Partial Sea Areas In China

Marine fungi are important biodiversity components in marine microorganisms. Today marine fungi have become one of the focuses about biological researches. To carry out the investigation of diversity on marine fungi from the China seas, the main purposes of the present thesis are to study marine lignicolous Halosphaeriales from partial sea areas in China. At the same time, the marine fungi were examined, isolated and preserved for the further use of marine fungi resources.About 3000 driftwoods, intertidal woods and stems of plants in the seas were collected from Yantai (Haiyang, Longkou), Qingdao (Yangkou), Rizhao (Wanpingkou beach, the First Beach), Lianyungang, Ruian, Ningbo (Shenjiamen, Zhujiajian), Shantou and Shishi (Xiangzhi, Yongning) selected as 12 studied spots during 2007 to 2008. The specimens were brought back to the laboratory in the sterile plastic bags and were examined directly while they were still fresh and moist under stereo-microscope or incubated in the moist boxes. 12 genera and 17 species of marine lignicolous belonging Halosphaeriales were identified. Among them, 1 taxa was identified as new species, 2 taxa were regarded as new genera recorded for China, 3 taxa were regarded as the new recorded species for China, 12 taxa had been reported in China, 1 taxa was uncertain species. 8 strains had been isolated. The generic establishment, evolution history, characteristics, distribution locality and latest classification, anamorph and related species were described and discussed detailedly.New species: Naufragella longkouensis.New recorded genera: Halosphaeria, Naufragella.New recorded species: Ceriosporopsis capillacea, Corollospora fusca, Halosphaeria appendiculata.Species have been previously reported from China: Aniptodera chesapeakensis, Arenariomyces trifurcatus, Ceriosporopsis halima, Corollospora maritima, Corollospora pulchella, Haiyanga salina, Halosphaeriopsis mediosetigera, Lignincola laevis, Nais inornata, Natantispora lotica, Natantispora retorquens, Remispora quadri-remis.Uncertain species: Aniptodera sp.The growth responses of five marine fungi (Aniptodera chesapeakensis, Ceriosporopsis halima, Corollospora maritima, Halosphaeriopsis mediosetigera, Lignincola laevis) to different temperature and salinity were studied. Poor growth was recorded at 10℃. Growth was greatest at 20℃and 30℃. Growth rates were higher in low salinity medium. Four marine fungi (Aniptodera chesapeakensis, Ceriosporopsis halima, Halosphaeriopsis mediosetigera, Lignincola laevis) could tolerate higher salinity when temperature was higher. Corollospora maritima could tolerate higher salinity when temperature was lower.Intertidal woods were collected from Yangkou of Qingdao during 2008. Samples were assessed for occurrence of Halosphaeriales in different monthes. 10 species belonging to 9 genera were collected. Species of Halosphaeriales were more in spring and winter than in summer and autumn. Corollospora maritima was found in each month. Frequency of occurrence of Corollospora maritima on intertidal wood during 2008 was the highest (4.32%). The maximum of species diversity index was observed in March, which was 1.515; while the minimum of species diversity index was found in July, which was 0.563. February, September and November had the greatest Jaccard's similarity index, which was 1.0; June and October had the greatest Jaccard's similarity index, which was 1.0; July and December had the smallest Jaccard's similarity index, which was 0.14.