| Optical solitons in optical lattices exhibit some unique features that cannot be found in homogeneous bulk medium. Surface solitons have potential applications in optical sensing, switching and exploration of intrinsic and extrinsic surface characteristics. Compare with recent researches of surface solitons and the properties of solitons supported by uniform and optical lattices, we investigate the propagation and control of surface soliton supported by Bessel optical lattices analytically and numerically.We study the existence and dynamics of solitons supported by a 1D composite Bessel optical lattice in a defocusing Kerr medium. The composite lattice is composed by two 1D (one-dimensional) Bessel lattices with different orders or different modulation depths located beside an interface separating them. Stability analysis and numerical propagation simulations reveal that the fundamental solitons supported by the model are dynamically stable in their entire existence domain. The order of lattice determines the shape of soliton while the amplitude of soliton depends on the lattice modulation depth. This model provides more freedom degrees, such as the order of lattices or the lattice modulation depth etc. The experimental realization of the scheme is also proposed.Furthermore, in sharp contrast to the homogeneous waveguides where higher-order solitons are always unstable, the Bessel lattices with an interface support branches of higher-order structures bifurcating from the corresponding linear modes. The left and right parts of the multi-peaked solitons are out-of phase which will degenerate to two-peaked or one-peaked profile distributions with the increment of propagation constant. One can improve the stability areas of higher-order solitons by increasing the lattice depth or selecting higher-order lattices. We also find that such a scheme with defocusing saturable Kerr nonlinearity support stable multi-peaked solitons whose stability properties are under study.
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