Imaging Analysis For The Particle-emitting Sources In High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions

πinterferometry technique is applied to investigate the Bose-Einstein correlations of final identical pions produced in high energy heavy ion collisions, and the space-time structure, the coherence and the dynamic information of the particle-emitting sources which are reflected by the correlations. In the conventionalπinterferometry technique, one needs to suppose a model for the emitting souces in advance. However, the imaging technique is a model-independent interferometry analytical method. Using imaging technique, one can obtain the source functions and the model-independent characteristic quantities of the particle-emitting sources in high energy heavy ion collisions. These characteristic quantities contain the information about the geometry and coherence of the source.In this thesis, the author outlines the research of high energy heavy ion collisions andπinterferometry technique, and the "HBT puzzle". The author introduces the basic idea ofπinterferometry technique and derivation procedures of 2πcorrelation functions. The fundamental formulas of source coherence theory are derived, and the Quantum Statistics space-time descriptive method about classical current is introduced. The fundamental formulas and solving methods of the hydrodynamical model in high energy heavy ion collisions are outlined. The author introduces the basic formulas of one-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging techniques, the treatment methods of practical problems by the imaging technique, and the leading and significance of characteristic quantities. In the case of one-dimensional and three-dimensional, by Gaussian fitting and imaging anlysis, the author investigates two-pion correlation and source functions as functions of the average transverse momentum of the pion pair K. The dependencies of the characteristic quantities on K are investigated for the static and the hydrodynamical sources, respectively. The conclusions are as follows:(1) The width of correlation function is relative to the source radius. The width is smaller, the radius is bigger. (2) Standard deviationσis the measurement of probability distribution function S(γ). (3) In the three-dimensional source radii Ri by Gaussian fitting, the strongest dependency on K is Rout, and the weakest dependency on K is Rsjde. (4) In the three-dimensional relative distance source radii Ri by imaging technique, the strongest dependency on K is Rx, and the weakest dependency on K is Rv. (5) In the three-dimensional standard deviationσi, the strongest dependency on K isσx, and the weakest dependency on K isσy. (6)σ= R is established for the static source. For the hydrodynamical source, the deviation of the static source is bigger when K is smaller, and the deviation is smaller when K is bigger.