Study On Taxonomy And Resources Of Paris L. In Guangxi

There were 26 species Paris L. of Trilliaceae in the world, which were distributed over tropical and temperate regions of Eurasia. China was modern distributing and diversity center, there were almost 20 species, 12 variations, 2 formas, distributed in most areas especially the southwest regions in china. The genus was monocotyledon because of having a single cotyledon, but reticular veins, carpel majority and spent more than 4 as well as dicotyledonous have, so there were significant for phylogeny research of angiosperm. In addition, Paris L. was important Chinese medicine for a long time, it was classified as the effective treatment of antipyretic, analgesia, antidote, nephritis and other symptoms.In this paper, in order to preliminary study of Paris L. in Guangxi, we combined with observation of leaf epidermis and Numerical Taxonomy Method, investigated the resources of Paris L. in Guangxi. The results were summarized as follows:1. Leaf epidermal characters of 9 species of Paris L. in Guangxi were observed under light microscope. Found 9 species of Paris L. leaf epidermal morphology of strong common but very little difference. Indicated: the upper epidermal and lower epidermal cells were usually irregular, we found that the stomatas were anonomcytic and existed on the lower epidermal. These characters showed that the species was a natural group, especially the anticline walls of lower epidermal cells were sinuate and undulate, cell branching or staghound radial branches, stomatal size, density, and index had obvious continuity, these characteristics and reflected evolutionary relationship extent, while could not classify the subdivisions of the genus very well, could not provide anatomy evidence for taxonomy of Paris L. .2. 36 characters of 9 species in Paris L. in Guangxi were studied by using numerical taxonomy, discussed the relationship of various groups. In the cluster analysis, the results revealed that Paris L. was divided clearly into four representation groups. The auther suggested that Paris polyphylla and its variants should be treated as a new group. And at the same time, didn't support traditionally treated Paris polyphylla var. chinensis as a variant of Paris polyphylla. Principal component analysis revealed: first five principal contribution presented 98.861%, these results indicated that the principal taxonomic characters existed in Paris L. for taxonomy, stamens rounds, petal length /sepals length, connective type, petal type, these characters were as the main taxonomic character in the group. Also, there was an outstanding correlation between sepal number and petal number, and had a main signification of taxonomic. As seen from the above, the method of numerical taxonomy played an important role in taxonomy of Paris L. In view of this article only selected 9 species and 36 characters, therefore, the result of cluster analysis revealed only reflected the genus relationship between populations in Guangxi, so we should further study classification of the genus.3. According to collection of Paris L. sorting, identification, and field surveys, there were 9 species (including 4 varieties) in Guangxi. A key to these species, the description of characteristics and habitat of them were also given.4. Studied on the population of Paris cronquistii at Cenwanglaoshan National Nature Reserve. The comprehensive analysis displayed that Paris cronquistii was born in humidity, light weak, acidic and rich soil; the population densities was 0.085 plant·m2, the population was in a rate state, very weak habit and sexual reproduction, if without effective measures were endangered.5. Researched on geographical distribution of Paris L. indicated that: the species mainly distributed in western and northern Guangxi. Most of species were narrow distribution in Guangxi, we seldom discover Paris L. in Typical karst limestone hills from Guangxi. Vertical distribution patterns: these species mainly distributed in the altitude 700-1300m at evergreen broad-leaved forest, the species richness decreased with altitude more or less. Longitude distribution patterns: the species mainly distributed between 104°29′and 110°04′, from south to north, the species richness was increase.6. The natural resources of Paris L. in Guangxi: the natural resources of Paris L.was very poor, besides Paris polyphylla and Paris polyphylla var. chinensis had wider distribution area, other species were Critically Endangered or Endangered in the state. In the survey found that the species field resources were decreasing rapidly,because human seriously damaged habitats and over-collected to the species .7. Resources protection and rational use of the proposed sustainable: the volume of extraction of wild plants must be controled; Paris L. habitats must be protected, and reduced human activities on concentration distribution; cultivation and tissue culture must be launched; were the IUCN RED LIST.