Discussion On Landscape Ecology Classification Based On Occurrence Method And Application Of Xinjiang Area

Landscape ecology classification is the focus of landscape ecology, which is the fundation of landscape evaluation, landscape planning and landscape management.But, academician understand landscape differently, area and aim of study were differently and limited by development level of technology and datum,so put forward differentl principle,index, grade, scale.So far,landscape ecology classification system has not been unified.This dissertation absorbed the theory and method of Landscape classification in internal and overseas, be established in the middle scale, based on forming, combine with method of ecology and geography, advanced scale, grade, principle, index of landscape ecology classification。Make use of geographical relatively analysis and leading symbol , choosed climate,terrain, ecosystem as classify index,adopted a descending landscape ecology classification method,constituted landscape belt ,landscape districts and landscape types of three landscape ecology classification system. Major conclusion:(1)Choosed climate,terrain, ecosystem as classify index, establish landscape zone, landscape districts, landscape type.(2)The landscape zone, climate was classify index, temperature and moisture affect the landscape of regional differentiation, therefore, climate index used temperature belt which reflect the latitudes zone and moisture belt which reflect the longitude zone.Based on the division of temperature and moisture areas, the world was divided into five heat zones: tropical, subtropical, temperate, sub-boreal, boreal, five moisture areas: humid areas, semi-humid areas, semi-arid, arid areas and extremely arid area.(3)The landscape districts, terrain was classify index,dispartted hill and plain. Used DEM to analyse slope of terrain,study area was divided plain and terrain.(4)The landscape type, ecosystem was classify index, nature ecosystem was divided into nine types: forest, grassland, meadow, hungriness, tundra, lake,river, swamp, glacier and snow.manpower ecosystem wes divided into three types: agriculture, habitation, industry.(5)Based on it ,related with actuality of Xinjiang,so apply to Xinjiang .Used DEM to analyse slope of terrain,Xinjiang was divided plain and terrain.Maked use of vegetation data of china resource and environment data-base.By GIS,taked method of type merger,maked ecosystem type map.Added terrain map and ecosystem type map,the landscape in the Xinjiang area was divided into nine landscape zones, eighteen landscape districts, sixty landscape types.This dissertation based on forming , inherited and developped of the theory of landscape ecology classification,was basic and abroad application task, for ecology construct programming of country renovate and development tactic research; dynamic survey and forecast predict of area ecology circumstance change; especially circumstance influence estimate and ecology forecast of ecology project demonstrate and construct project; evaluate of soil ecology and optimize structure design of land use; renewedly design landscapes which were breached by mine exploitation and other projects;landscape ecology programming and management of nature protect area,haved important theory and realism meaning.