Study On Oases System And Its Natural Suitability Based On Self-organization

With the rapid population growth and expantion of manufacturing in the aridareas, the exploitation of oases have been enhancing through out the resent fifty yearsintensively and its scale have been increasing significantly. As a result, a series ofeco environment related problems are becoming more and more serious due to thelimited natural resourses and fragile eco environment in the arid areas. Therefore,close attentions must be paid to the posssible consequences of this changes as below:On one hand, if the expantion of oases controlled in reasonable scale, it has aconstructive function from which the whole oases system benefit and providesufficient ground for human activities; On the other hand, if the expantion of oasesexceeded a proper scale which largely depend on the limited natural resourses andfragile eco environment, it can be destructive to the oases system as a whole andinevitably lead to some serious eco environmental problems. Therefore, study theoases system in a well round way and enhance our awareness of its workingmechanism have significant role in the rational programming and organizing of oaseson a long term base and for promoting sustainable development.In this paper we managed to introduce the self organization theory into oasesstudy by applying both theoretical and practical approaches. So both the context andstudy method of this paper can be devided into two main subsections, the former on istheoretical analysis of oases system based on theoretical approach asSelf organization; The latter one is practical study of related study area based on RS&GIS technology.Theoretical research results of this study can be concluded as below:Self organization is a process where the organization of a system spontaneouslyincreases without being controlled by the external system. As new kind of worldviewfor human to understand the universe and things, self organization can be a very reasonable explanation for the evolving process of complex systems. Constructed bynumbers of sub system and complex non linear correlation between them, oasessystem belongs to a typical self organizing system. This paper analyze thecharacteristics and evolving process of oases system by applying self organizationtheory through the case study from XinJiang oases system. The characteristics andworking mechanisms of both self organizing and other organizing process have beenintroduced to analyze the evolving process while putting the focus onself organization. Results indicate that oases system has the obvious features ofself organizing system such as being open, non balanced, non linear and fluctuation.Self organizing process in oases system spontaneously takes place by three steps,from non organization to organization, from low level of organization to high levelorganization and constant increasement of complexity. These three processesmanifested respectively in the spontaneous formation of oasis in a proper environment,proliferation and atrophy of oasis scale and evolution of oasis function and structure.Evolution of oases system is a compound and complex process which is constructedby the self organization based on natural factors and other organization implementedby human activities.The operational status and characteristics of oases system at a certain time perioddepend on the relationship and interacting mechanism between the self organizationand other organization in this system. They have three types of possible influence.Firstly, the development of oases system can be increased to a great degree with theassistance of other organization measures during the process of self organization. Inthis case oases system will tend to reinforce itself, but close attentions must be paidinorder to avoid causing some negative feedbacks. Secondly, when self organizationand other organization deviated from each other, it will break down the intrinsic orderin oases system and oases system will develop to the direction of disorder anddestruction. Finally, the harmonious and synchronous development of self organization and other organization can make oases system play it`s best functionand keep the trend of healthy and sustainable development. Some typical examplesfrom the XinJiang oases have been given correspondingly to support the theoreticalanalysis. This study can provide scientific basis for understanding the oases systemfrom the point of view of self organization, implementing other organizing processscientifically and organizing oases system in a more effective way and on a long termbasis.Practical research results of this study can be concluded as below:It is well known that there are many natural factors (self organizing factors)which influnce the development of oases. Among them factors like terrain, climate,water and LUCC condition are very significant and dominant. In this paper we, firstly,set up a database at 1km×1km cellsize and projected coordinate system of WGS 1984UTM Zone 45N which include the data of terrain, climate and LUCC condition ofstudy area (Cherchen county) and conducted a deep research on the spatialdistribution patterns of each factor respectively; Secondly, we evaluated the naturalsuitability of oases by applying both single factor and multi factor comprehensiveevaluation models in which the weight of each single factor was determined via thecorrelation between the four factors and population distribution respectively; Finally,according to the culculated oasis natural sutibility index, we proposed reasonableevaluation criteria of oasis natural sutibility index and devided whole study area intofour different types as high suitable area, middle suitable area, critical suitable areaand non suitable area respectively. From the results we can see clearly that thedistribution and development of oases restricted by the natural factoces to a greatextent in the arid areas and the proper combinition of all kind of natural resourceswere essential to the human existence here.