| Birds diversity were investigated from September 2008 to May 2009 in wolonghu nature reserve. And Siberian crane foraging habitat selection was studied by method of multivariate statistical analysis. The main results are:1.According to the whole year investigation in wolonghu wetland, there are altogether 164 species of birds belonging to 15 families 37 genus.5 species as the national first-grade protected wildlife were recorded, and 20 species as the national second-grade protected wildlife were recorded. Among all the species, palaearctic region is dominant 127 species accounting for 79.31% of the total number, the next are widespread 25 species taking 13.10% and Oriental region 12 taking 7.59%. There are 53 species of summer residents sharing 32.4% of the total number,11 species of winter residents sharing 7.2%,72 species of migrants taking 43.1% and 28 species of residents taking 16.9%. The autumn migrate period started in September, reached climax in middle October and ended in middle November; the spring migrate period started in late March, reached climax in late April and ended at early May.Each of biology communities was analyzed through Shannon-Weiner diversity index, Pielou evenness index and dominance index. The result shows:in the autumn, the diversity index of lake and wetland are the highest, each reaches 2.640 and 2.457, the evenness index of artificial forest is the highest(0.840), the dominance index of residential area is the highest(0.785). In the spring, the diversity index of lake and wetland are the highest, each reaches 2.390 and 1.969; the evenness index of artificial forest is the highest(0.647), the dominance index of residential area is the highest(0.613). The results in autumn and in spring are basically same, but the value decreased during spring, mainly because of the large number of geese and ducks migrated in spring migration period, resulting in decreased value of the index.2,In Autumn migration period of 2008, the first meet of siberian crane is on October 1, recorded in 2 individual.the last meet is on November 16, recorded in 1342 individuals. On the November 12, reached the largest crane in the cluster, to 1559. In Spring migration period of 2009, the meet day of siberian crane is on March 12, records of individual 3. the last meet day is on May 2, recorded only two individuals. The largest migration period from April 11 to April 20, the number of cranes during the period maintained in between 2700-2800. Crane during the spring,migration peak appeared on April 21, recorded 2845 individuals.Using the Kolmogorov-Smimovz test, T test and Mann-Whitney U test, the using sample and random sample in autumn and spring for Siberian crane feeding area were analyzed by SPSS software. The result shows that the ecological factors of vegetation type, water depth, transparency, substrate condition, distance to open water and human distance are significantly higher for using sample and random sample. So we can infer that the six factors are the main factor to impact the foraging habitat selection of crane.Through factor analyzed for using sample to autumn and spring, the result shows that water depth, transparency, distance to open water, distance to slight human disturbance, plant density and plant coverage are the main factors to affect the foraging habitat selection of crane. The Siberian crane often feed in the habitat which is 10-30cm water depth, in the higher degree transparency, short distance to open water, less trees, higher grasses, lower plant density and coverage and away to human disturbance.3. According to the research result and the situation of birds and habitat condition in wolonghu wetland, the problems and the reason for birds risk were analyzed. And reasonable protection measures were provided.
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