Comparative Investigation Of Birds Diversity Between Heilongjiang Fenghuangshan Nature Reserve And Jixi Mining Areas

A research on the avian community structure, seasonal changes, spatial distribution pattern, distribution regularities of avian community in various habitat type in Fenghuangshan Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province and 12 mining areas in Jixi was conducted during December 2007 to December 2009 by the survey methods of route sampling measurement, plot sampling measurement, field interview and the formula of Shannon-Wiener index and evenness index.Totally 111 species of avian belonging to 17 orders,41 families were recorded, and the diversity index and evenness index of species were counted for 3.421 and 0.632 in Fenghuangshan Nature Reserve. And totally 98 species of birds belonging to 16 orders,36 families with 2.312 of the diversity index and 0.375 of the evenness index in Jixi mining areas were recorded.The results showed:(1) Passeriforme were the main birds in the 2 research areas; the avian community structure was prominently in migrants, in which summer migrants had great majority, and gave priority to Palaearctic birds and dispersed birds, which were much more than Oriental birds; the percentage of songbirds was the highest, but that of terrestrial birds was the lowest; (2) during the different seasons, the avian distribution existed some extent seasonal change, namely, the three season of spring, summer, autumn has the similar diversity index, and all be much higher than winter; (3) in the different areas, the avian diversity index existed also some extent difference, namely, core zone>experimental zone> buffer zone in Fenghuangshan Nature Reserve, and Ronghua Orefield>Xiaohengshan Orefield> Didao Orefield> Chengzihe Orefield> Erdaohezi Orefield=Datonggou Orefield>Pinggang Orefield>Zhengyang Orefield>Hengshan Orefield>Mashan Orefield>Donghai Orefield> Zhangxin Orefield in 12 mining areas in Jixi; (4) the diversity index of species was the highest in conifer-broadleaf forest, and the lowest in broadleaf forest, which was in the early period of succession; and the community similarity was the highest between conifer-broadleaf forest and conifer forest.