| The chemical reactions catalyzed by Organo-metal compounds are one of the most attractive areas in organic synthesis. In recent years, a lot of very effective methods for formation of C-C. C-B, C-N, C-S bonds, Which include using a variety of organometal compounds to catalyze the coupling reactions. Generally the catalysts have high activity and good selectivity. At present the coupling reactions of halohydrocarbon with terminal olefins and the coupling reactions of organoboranes with acid chlorides, aryl halides play an important synthetic approaches in organoborane chemistry. The catalysts can be used by many kinds of organo-metal compounds such as: iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, titanium, zirconium, tin, indium, and lithium organic compounds. The achievement has been amazed in preparing of unsaturated or saturated compounds, and in synthesizing of natural products, bioactive molecules and chiral compounds.The purpose of this thesis is to study the coupling reactions of halohydrocarbon with terminal olefins, sodium tetraphenylborate (NaBPh4) with acid chlorides and aryl halides catalyzed by palladium catalysts under microwave irradiation. In this period, we obtained a series of substituted olefins, mono-substituted biphenyl ketones, mono-substituted biphenyls and modified the Suzuki reaction (made it more simple, rapid, and selective), and discovered a new path for the use of microwave technology in organometaliie catalyzed reactions.The thesis includes four parts.Chapter one: The advances of catalysis reaction under microwave irradiation.We introduced the new advances of microwave-organic reaction enhancement chemistry, emphasized on the principle of microwave-induced organic reactions, and the applications of microwave irradiation in organic synthesis.Chapter two: Study on the palladium-catalyzed Heck coupling reaction of organic halides with terminal olefins in water under phase transfer catalysis (PTC) and microwave irradiation conditions.Microwave technology has been applied to many organic reactions, but there were a few reports to operate the metal-catalyzed reactions under microwave irradiation. In this chapter, we accomplished the Heck coupling reaction of aryl halides with terminal defines catalyzed by Pd (O)-complex under microwave-PTC conditions and obtained thirteen desired compounds. This reaction largely reduced the reaction costs, and cut down the contamination ofsolvents, it provides a path for developing the green chemistry in organic synthesis. In the experiment, taking the coupling of benzene bromide with styrene, as example, we investigated the influence of microwave power, time, PTC, base and reactant ratio on the yields. During the experiment we also compared the microwave irradiation with the traditional thermal heating, the former get the rates increased 30-200 times as that of the latter. The reactions have good selective and give the trans-isomeric products, a probable reaction mechanism according to the literatures and experiment have also been presented.Chapter three: Study on microwave assisted Suzuki coupling reaction of NaBPh4 with acid chlorides catalyzed by Pd (PPh3)2Cl2 supported on KF/A12O3 .In this section, Suzuki coupling reaction can smoothly be accomplished in the presence of KF/A12O3 under microwave irradiation. In the experiment, taking the coupling of NaBPlu with benzoyl chloride, as an example, 1mmol NaBPh4 can react with 4mmol acid chlorides and give excellent yields. The influence of microwave power, time, base, solvent and reactant ratio on the yields was studied. The microwave-assisted reactions get the rate increased 156 times compared with that of the traditional thermal heating reactions. A probable reaction mechanism according to the literatures and experiment was presented, and a new atomic economical path of simplicity, fast, efficiency for Suzuki reaction was discovered.Chapter four: Study on microwave promoted Suzuki coupling reaction of NaBPh4 with aryl halides catalyzed by Pd(PPh3)2Cl2.In this secti...
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