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A Study On The Characteristics Of On-Road Motor Vehicle Emissions In Typical Cities

Posted on:2003-07-12Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:W LiFull Text:PDF
GTID:2121360122467224Subject:Environmental Engineering
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As part of the project "Air Pollution Control Strategies in Beijing City" and the project "National Plan for Controlling Motor Vehicle Emissions", in this thesis, the characteristics of on-road motor vehicle emissions in typical cities were studied in detail. The results includes:(1) Based on the analysis and regression of the testing data from 612 light-duty vehicles under acceleration simulation mode, the average emission concentration levels, emission deterioration rates and mass emission factors of vehicles of different technology levels and different bands were determined. Good correlations were found between the test results from ASM5015 and ECE R15-03 driving cycle. The correlation coefficient of NOx is better than that of HC and CO. It shows that the testing on NOx is more efficient than on the other two pollutants when applying ASM5015, which indicate that we can apply ASM5015 in order to identify the vehicle with higher NOx emissions. (2) Studies of in-vehicle exposure were reviewed and the analyzing methods in these studies were adopted to study the situation of in-vehicle air pollution in Beijing city. Results showed that the in-vehicle air pollution problem in Beijing was very serious; in-vehicle concentration of CO exceeded the limit of the national air quality standard a lot. This study also found that the source of in-vehicles air pollution was the emissions from surrounding vehicles other than self-contamination. There are close relationships between the traffic situation and aeration of the vehicles.(3) Studies of On-Board Emission Measurement (OBEM) system were reviewed. 3 main methods about determining the mass exhaust flow rates were discussed. And a feasible design of On-Board Emission Measurement system was suggested; the technical difficulties and foreground of applying this system were also involved.(4) A complete system of calculation methods for estimating the emissions from on-road vehicles was established. The emission factors and overall emissions of 7 dominant vehicular pollutants, including THC, NMVOC, CO, NOx, PM10, SO2 and CO2, were calculated. Results showed that on-road motor vehicle emissions contributed to most of the mobile source emissions. So the on-road motor vehicles are still the emphases in mobile source emission controls.(5) The principle and estimating method of COMMUTER model were studied. The main parameters of the model were revised according to China's actual situation. The revised model was applied to analyze the optimization impact of year 2008 transport plan in Beijing to the transport structure and motor vehicle emissions. Two key strategies: Transit Oriented Development and carpool, were suggested. 3 programs aimed at maximizing utility and alternative work time program were also suggested, and the effect and feasibility of those programs were discussed.
Keywords/Search Tags:On-Road Motor Vehicles, Emission Characteristics, In-Vehicle Exposure, On-Board Emission Measurement, Emission Inventory, Urban Transport Structure
PDF Full Text Request
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