Studying On Biodiversity And Protection Of Beijing Wetland

Being a transitional ecosystem between water and land, wetland possesses environmental effect, conserves water, regulate riverflow and adjust regional climate. It is also a cradle of biodiversity and plays an important part in maintaining regional ecological balance. So, wetland is viewed as "Kidney of the Nature".Chinese wetlands are diversified in kind and extensive in area. It is about 63 million hectares and ranks first in Asia. It is widely distributed from the cold-temperate zone to the tropics, from the seashores of East China to the inland of West China. In recent years, China has paid much attention to the wetland research and protection work. Many studies focus on the wetland in south china, but on attention has been paid to the wetland in Beijing.As the capital of china, there is only 4.6million hectare wetland in Beijing. And as the development of the economy, the mainly risk sources in wetlands including drought, pollution events, reduce of the area, and so on. In order to protect effectively and utilize reasonably the rare wetland resources, we carry out the investigation to deal with the plant and animal diversity, especially the wetland plant communities.It is the first time to study the wetland in Beijing. In this work, the plant composition and structure of various plant communities, the bio-ecological properties of community-constructing species, common species, characteristic species and key species and the geographical composition and flora in vegetation of Beijing are discussed. The distribution, regionalization formation and succession pattern of wetland vegetation are summarized. The a -diversity, biomass, cover rate of the wetland vegetation are studied. The animal diversity, especially the bird diversity is also analysed in this paper. Finally, both the mechanisms for the diversity loss and the approaches to protect the diversity were also discussed in this paper. All the data in this paper are firstly reported in china.3S technology has the great advantage in biodiversity study, which not only assures easy assessment of area, but other ecological information. By using this technology, we finished regressed vegetation map of ye-ya-hu lake according to thewild investigation.We hope the research can provides the scientific basis for the restoration, reconstruction and regulation of the wetland resources in Beijing. It also provides an example for the other research.