| Resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) is a new analytical technology developed in recent ten years. For its remarkable characteristics of high sensitivity, simple operation and good selectivity, this method brings to more attention and interesting and has been studied and applied more and more. At present, owing to the aggregation of dye chromophore on biological macromolecule leading to enhancement of RRS intensity, these methods are mainly used to study biological macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins and heparin ect. Furthermore, resonance Rayleigh scattering, double frequency or second order scattering coursed by the formation of ion association complexes between organic dyes and antiparticles can be used to determination of trace metal ions, nonmetal ions and organic compounds.This dissertation has studied the application of RRS methods for determining ionic-type surfactants, such as quaternary ammonium type cationic surfactants, cetyldimethyl benzylammonium chloride (CDBAC), cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), tetradecyl pyridinium bromide (TPB), Zephiramine (Zeph) and some common anionic surfactants, such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium lauryl sulfonate (SLS).The research systems and their analytical applications by reasonance Rayleigh scattering spectra of this dissertation are as follows: (1) Cationic surfactants-halide anions systems; (2) Cationic surfactants-la" anion systems; (3) Cationic surfactants-Cr(VI) systems; (4) Cationic surfactants-molybate and Cationic surfactants-tungstate systems; (5) Cationic surfactants-anionic surfactants systems; (6) Anionic surfactants -Fe(II)-l,10-phenanthroline systems. Their RRS spectral characteristics, optimum reaction conditions, influencing factors and analytical applications have been studied. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism, the reasons of RRS enhanced and therelationships between RRS spectra and absorption spectra are discussed.In addition, this dissertation introduced the elementary properties of resonance Rayleigh scattering and their applications in scientific research, reviewed the developing course of this technique and discussed mainly the theoretical basement, the present situation of application and the development of RRS as analytical technique.1. Study on the interaction of halide anions and cationic surfactants by resonance Rayleigh scattering and their analytical applicationsUsing Resonance Rayleigh Scattering (RRS) to investigate the interaction of F", Cl-, Br" and I" with five quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants (CS+), it is showed that only I", with larger ionic radius, can produce significant RRS enhancements, present new RRS spectra and induce new absorbance spectra. However, tetradecane pyridinium bromide (TPB) whose hydrophobe part is short cannot interact with I". When the alkyl of CS+ is the same, the RRS intensity follows benzyl-dimethyl-ammonium > pyridinium > trimethylammonium. The maximum RRS peak is located at 278nm and the interaction is suitable to basic medium. The intensity of A IRRS is directly proportional to the concentration of CS+. Their detection limits are between 22.60~46.74 ng/mL depending on different CS+. Among these cationic surfactants, benzyl-dimethyl-hexadecylammonium-chloride (CDBAC) presents the highest sensitivity. The influence of coexisting substances, the possibility of analytical application and the reasons for the enhancement of RRS have been discussed.2. Study on the interaction of I3' anion with cationic surfactants by resonance Rayleighscattering and their analytical applicationsIn a pH 1.5~2.0 acid medium, IT,' anion reacts with a cationic surfactant (CS+) such as cetyldimethyl benzylammonium chloride (CDBAC), Zephiramine (Zeph), cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), tetradecy] pyridinium bromide (TPB) and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to form an ion association complexes, respectively. The resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) intensity of the solution is enhanced remarkab...
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