Study On Extraction And Pharmacology Of Effective Fractions From Fructus Aurantii Immaturus And Ephedrae Herba

The modernization of Chinese Meteria Medica (CMM) calls for modern science and technology to research on bioactive ingredients and functional mechanism in CMM. To research on the herbal pharmacology and mechanism of effective fractions in CMM, it can explain the relationship between ingredient and herbal pharmacology. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been the most rapidly growing analytical technique. Affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) can separate several compounds and determine the binding constant of them simultaneously. Binding constant shows the pharmacology information, such as hydrophobic, affinity of drug and receptor, binding information of drug and virus or cell. ACE interaction analysis is a new method to study the pharmacology in the CCM. In this paper, volatile oil extracting from Frucus Aurantii Immaturus (FAI) and Frucus Aurantii (FA) and alkaloid extracting from Ephedrae Herba (EH), which had been studied systematically. The optimum extraction process had been found. The influence on extraction rate and structure of effective fraction by ultrasonic had been discussed. Because of Volatile oil having the antibacterial activities, it was the bioactive ingredients of resolve phlegm function in the FAI. The transmission mechanism of the volatile oil could be predicted through the binding constant between volatile oil and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). At last, pharmacokinetics of Ephedrine had been studied. And its adverse drug interaction had been predicted by the binding constant of Ephedrine and BSA.The results show that: (1) Volatile oil from FAI and FA were light yellow transparent oil liquid; and the extractive rates were 0.6% (ml/g) and 1.0% (ml/g). Fifteen compounds in the volatile oil from FAI were identified by GC-MS, which accounted for 93.81% of whole volatile oil. The several majorities of compounds were limonene (41.20%), linalool (26.10%), terpineol (7.32%) and cyclohexene, 2-ethenyl-1, 3, 3-trimethyl (5.56%). Fifty-one compounds in the volatile oil from FA were identified, which accounted for 99.87% of whole volatile oil. The several majorities of compounds were limonene (40.90%), linalool (13.13%), 2-undecanol (10.80%) and γ-terpinen (8.66%). The constituents in the volatile oil from FAI and FA were similar. And the majority belonged to monoterpene. (2) At the frequency of 20 kHz, the extraction rate and structure of volatile oil didn't change with 2 hours ultrasonic action. The ratio of the constituents in the volatile oil changed a little. (3) The minimal inhibitory concentration of the volatile oil was 32.3 mg/ml to Staphylococcus aureus. The volatile oil was bacteriostatic to Staphylococcus aureus and drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, and had no inhibitory action to Escherichia coli. (4) The volatile oil could be separated by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) as the micellar phase. The optimal condition was achieved with 10 mmol/L phosphate (pH 6.85), 60 mmol.L-1 SDS and 40% acetonitrile. (5) According to the different binding constant with BSA, volatile oil had been separated to two fractions. Fraction I had no interaction with BSA; fraction II had low hydrophobic interaction with BSA. (6) Alkaloid in Ephedria Herba was extracted by alcohol (95%). The extraction had been determined by CE and HPLC. The extraction rate of Ephedrine was 0.92 mg/g. (7) Researching on the pharmacokinetics by injecting Ephedrine to the ear edges of rabbit, the plasma concentration was been determined by HPLC. The elimination rate constant was 0.30 h-1, and half time was 2.32 h. (8) Receptor-ligand binding model Scatchard function had been discussed. The necessary condition is that the product of constant and concentration of ligand is close to 1 at the use of "peak shift" model. When the product of constant and concentration wasn't close to 1, double reciprocal could be used to estimate the binding constant.