| Maleic anhydride, dodecanol, hexadecanol and octadecanol were used as raw materials in synthesis of mono-maleate. In the condition of molar ratio of anhydride to alcohol 1.1:1, reaction temperature 90～110℃ and reaction time 3h, yields of mono-lauryl/ceto/stearyl maleate can reach 96.88%,96.77% and 96.07% respectively. Neat's foot oils were modified by alkylol amine and maleic anhydride in turn. The recipes were gained: molar ratios of oil to ethanolamine to anhydride 1:1:2(1#), 1:2:3(2#)and oil to diethanolamine to anhydride 1:1:2(3#), 1:2:3(4#). Reaction time of ethanolamine was 4h in the first step of amidation, while that of diethanolamine was 6h. In addition, their conversions reached 99.14% and 89.35%. The results show that amidations consist of amidated alcohol and amido ester by means of FTIR. All the reaction time was 4h in the second step of esterification. Acid numbers were half of initial stage and went steady eventually. Spectrograms of FTIR show that maleic anhydride react with –OH and –NRH of amidated neat's foot oil.Mono-stearyl maleate, 1#modified neat's foot oil and acrylic acid were used as raw materials in synthesis of the lubricating acrylic tanning agent. L9(34) orthogonal experiments were applied to ensure the optimum conditions of synthesis. Suitable conditions for synthesis of the copolymer of acrylic acid and mono-stearyl maleate(MⅡ-18)were obtained: molar ratio of maleate to acrylic acid 1:1, reaction temperature 80℃,amount of BPO 0.5 percent the weight of monomer and amount of alcohol 22 percent the weight of monomer. And copolymers of acrylic acid and mono-lauryl/ceto maleate(MⅡ-12/MⅡ-16)were synthesized in term of the conditions. Series of MⅡproducts are ivory-white creams; Suitable conditions for synthesis of the copolymer of acrylic acid and 1#modified neat's foot oil(NT-1)were obtained: molar ratio of oil to acrylic acid 1:1, reaction temperature 85℃,amount of BPO 0.5 percent the weight of monomer and amount of alcohol 20 percent the weight of monomer. And copolymers of acrylic acid and 2#～4# modified neat's foot oil(NT-2, NT–3 and NT-4)were synthesized according to the conditions. Series of NT products are flaxen creams. Above all the products are easily dissolved in 40～50℃ water, whose charges are negative. Gel permeation chromatography show that MⅡ products are made up of two homologs, whose number-average molecular weight are under 1083.1. Lubricating acrylic tanning agents were applied in retanning and fat liquoring of chrome-tanned pig leathers. They didn't affect absorbency of dyestuff, whose absorptivity approached 100%. Leathers were endowed with the outstanding thickness by MⅡ-16, MⅡ-18 and mono-stearyl maleate, while NT products could endue leathers with minor shrinkage of area. All the leathers had water resistance, and that of mono- stearyl maleate was the best as well as oil lubrication. But MⅡand NT products may make leathers more elastic than mono- stearyl maleate. Leathers were provided with the excellent nappinese and physical mechanical characters come up to national standards by above products. Softness of mono- stearyl maleate to leathers was better than that of MⅡand NT to leathers. In addition, molecular pliability of lubricating acrylic tanning agent is also a factor to excellent softness of leathers. Parts of lubricating acrylic tanning agents were applied in chrome tannage of goat leathers. The results show that absorption of chrome and softness of chrome-tanned leathers are improved and shrinkage temperatures don't decrease.
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