Syntheses Of Nano Partical Materials By Solid State Reaction At Low-Heating Temperature

Research on nano-particle-material has been one of the most important fields and focus of nanomaterials because of their contribution to the understanding of the basic concepts and potential technological applications. The successful syntheses of nanomaterials are the foundation to research on the properties of nanomaterials .Based on the comprehensive analysis of fabrication methods of nano particle material and combined with the present conditions in our laboratory,, we focused on the synthesis of nano-particle-material by solid state reaction at low-heating temperature.The content and innovation of this thesis listing as follows: 1. Nanometer-sized tin oxide powders were prepared by solid state reaction at low-heating temperature , stiring directly . using SnCl4.5H2O and NH4HCO3 as starting materials. The powder wascharacterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The effect of technical conditions of nanometer-sized SnO2 synthesis on particle size and product yield are systematically studied by orthogonal test. The optimum technical conditions are obtained and under the conditions, the product has an average diameter of 6 nm with good dispersity and sphere-shaped. The yield of the product can reach 84.3%. Side reaction is discovered in solid state reaction at low-heating temperature.2. Nanometer-sized antimony-doped tin oxide powders were prepared by solid state reaction at low-heating temperature using SnCl4.5H2O, SbCl3 and NH4HCO3 as starting materials. The characteristics of the powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) , Fourier transition infrared spectrum , ultraviolet-visual spectrum and differential thermal analysis(DTA).The influences of antimony concentration on the phase, particles size of powders were researched. The results indicate that Sb-doped samples are tetragonal SnO2 phases with Sb atoms as the solute in the lattice; Doped Sb plays the role of restrains the SnO2 crystallite growth and thus reducing crystallite size. Quantum-size effect of antimony-doped tin oxide is observed.3. In this paper, nanometer-sized ammonium tin chloride powderswere prepared by solid state reaction at low-heating temperature and the thermo-decomposition kinetics has been studied by using TG and DTG technique. Kinetic parameters such as order of reaction (n), activation energy (E), rate constant and frequency factor were obtained through the experiment. As ammonium tin chloride is freely soluble , it runs off when washing product . Xin xinquan's statement that theoretical yield by solid state reaction at low-heating temperature is 100% is limitational .4. The novel method for synthesis of fire-retardants magnesium aluminum carbonate hydroxide was studied. Both of them with nanometer-size were prepared by solid state reaction at low-heating temperature using A12(SO4)3.18H2O, MgSO4.7H2O and Na2CO3-10H2O as the starting materials, and polyglycol as template. By the application of uniform experimental design as well as data mining technology, optimizing control to the components of them were achieved.With all above work related to the synthesis of nanomaterials, we get some progress in the fabrication science and technology of nano particle materials...