| Some research has testified that the incidence of biology ill,break and abnormality have ratio to the use of industry waste water . With the let of waste water, there was harm to human being's health and the environment in the world. Phenol compounds were used widely because of their broad-application.But they still have strong toxicity, were steady in the environment and they could stay in the river . Therefore, the analysis into their persistence in the water and the soil was of great importance. Solid phase extraction (SPE), as a sample pretreatment technique was developed in the recent years. It had the advantage of analytical speed, simplicity, low costs, safety, no emulsification, flexibility and high preconcentration factor, and was used to separate and preconcentrate lots of organic analytes. This article totally described the development, principle, performing procedure, devices and the factors influencing process and recovery of SPE. Its applications in environmental analysis were also well reviewed. Furthermore, the detection methods and its trend were summarized. Finally the new techniques of solid phase extraction were outlined. The main conclusions were as follows: 1. The best chromatographic conditions were UV detection wavelength of 275nm, mobile phase of methanol/water at 45/55(v/v), mobile phase flow rate of 0.7mL/min, column temperature of 35 oC, the column used was ODS, were used to determine the nitrophenol compounds in the environment. 2. 3M Empore 3mL C18 was selected as the best solid phase for extracting trace nitrophenol compounds in water samples. In addition, most of the influencing factors were studied and optimized. The result showed that methanol was the preferred elution solvents for the absorbed nitrophenol compounds. When the elution solvent (1.5mL) was selected, the variation of recoveries as a function of the volume of elution solvent used can be determined. The addition of 2% methanol into the sample prior to spiking could greatly improve the recoveries. The flow rate of sample loading was 5mL/min. The PH=2 had influence on the recoveries. Meanwhile, the concentration of potassium chloride in the water was 5 g/L. What's more; these were discussed in the theory. 3. The degradation of the nitrophenol compounds was investigated in the water. The results showed that hydrolysis of the nitrophenol compounds depended on the temperature. The PH=7 had influence on the hydrolysis. The rate of photo degradation in the water under sunlight was very slow, when acetone was added, the rate was fast. However, the rate of photo degradation was much faster than those, when it was under UV lamp, only several hours. 4. Research on the adsorption of the three nitrtrophenols in four different types of soil in Changchun region showed that the content of organic carbon was the major factor of adsorption in the soil. From the organic carbon adsorption constant,p-nitrophenol had middling transference, o- nitrtrophenoland m-hnitrtrophenol had low transference, and these showed that they had worse transference in the soil. 5. In the analysis of real samples such as surface run-off water, Solid phase extraction technique enabled the elimination of matrix interference and the work was possible.
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