Effects Of Earthworms Synchronization With Microorganisms On The Degradation And Fertilities Of Organic Matter

Vermicomposting is a biooxidation and stabilization of organic material involving the joint action of earthworms and microorganisms: it has been an important approach on the transformation of organic solid wastes into useful resources. Although microbes are responsible for the biochemical degtradation of organic matter, earthworms are the important drivers of the process, there is abundant evidence that interactions between earthworms and microorganisms are of major importance on the degradation of organic matter and the release of mineral nutrients into soil.The effect of Effect Microorganism (EM) on the stabilization of vermicompost in pig manure was studied in laboratory trials. At the same time, rhizobia. potassium bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and cellulose utilization microorganisms were separated and used to investigate the effect of inoculation on the pig manure for nutrient content of the vermicompost during vermicomposting.Based on the results of study, it was concluded that earthworms were capable of working hard to convert all the organic waste into manure and the decline of carbon-nitrogen ration(C: N ratio) was not less than 30% in 30 days. EM. however, were less capable of that in our study as inoculate with insufflation methods. There was no significant difference on vermicomposting inoculated with or without EM until 45 days. At the end of the experiment, the change of the C: N ratio of the synchronous treatment showed 1.24 times, 2.52 times and 4.17 times on the earthworms, EM and CK treatment respectively, which indicated that the interactions of the earthworms and EM promoted the maturation of the pig manure.It was seemed that earthworms can eliminate the NH₄⁺-N rapidly but there was no significant difference on vermicomposting inoculated with or without EM. Higher NO₃^--N concentration and higher NO₃^--NNH₄⁺-N ratio was observed in synchronous treatment at the 45-day, which indicated that the interactions of the earthworms and EM promoted the mineralization of the pig manure.Dehydrogenase activity was lower in the presence of earthworms, which suggested that organic matter especially water-soluble carbon (WSC). consumed faster by them. It was reflected that the vermicomposts of synchronous treatment were steadier because there was less WSC concentration in this treatment. The metabolic response of the soil, as showed by the DH-ase/WSC, indicated that the pig manure achieved maturation after 30 days and stabilization after 45 days in vermicomposting.There was no significant difference between vermicomposting inoculated with or without nutrient microorganisms on some measurements such as NH₄⁺-N, WSC and C: N ratio. However, the NO₃^--N concentration and the utilization per cent of the water-soluble nitrogen (WSN) was promoted in vermimomposting that inoculated with rhizobia, potassium bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and cellulose utilization microorganisms, this indicated that these inoculations were not only play a positive effect on vermicompost qualities but also promoted mineralization and stabilization.The more increasing in mineral nutrients (N. P. K.) and available nutrients (Avail N, P, K) of the castings was observed in the presence of earthworms as well as nutrient microorganisms. It was indicated that interactions of them promoted the release of mineral nutrients and enhanced the nutriment content of the vermicomposts. Earthworms play a direct or indirect role in that process. The direct role was that introduced the nutrients into soil by metabolism themselves and the indirect role was that enhanced the activities of the nutrient microorganisms depend on increasing environment by earthworm actions. In addition, earthworms can disperse and decompose some nutrient microorganisms such as rhizobia, at the same time, restrained the growth of deleterious microorganisms, all of these accelerated microorganisms play more functions in mineral nutrients increasing.