Research On Technolog Of Manufacturing Activated Carbon From Agricultural Waste Material With Zncl₂ By Microwave Radiation And Ability Of Absorbing Formaldehyde

China is a big country in Agriculture. The quantity of agricultural waste material and byproduct are abundant, however most of the waste materials were abandoned at liberty at the farms or burned directly which not only waste resources but also pollute the environment especially the atmospheric environment. It is very important to synthesize and reuse Agricultural byproducts which have become hot areas.This paper studied the technology of manufacturing activated carbons from corn stalk and sugarcane bagasse with ZnCl₂ by microwave. On the base of extensive single experiments, the control conditions such as the radio of ZnCl₂ to marterial, pretreatment time, power of Microwave and radiation time were obtained and the best working conditions were collected by orthogonal test. In order to evaluate the commercial value of products, the agricultural waste material activated carbons were used to absorb formaldehyde as compared to the commercial activated carbon.It has been found that the corn stalk activated carbon was produced whose yield was 34%, methylene blue Decolourizing ability was 13.1mL/0.1g, which was 1.46 times of national activated carbon standards about the first level when radio of ZnCl₂ to corn stalk is 2.0 to 1.0, pretreatment time was 30h, power of microwave was 550w and radiation time was 570s. The sugarcane bagasse activated carbon was manufactured whose yield was 34%, methylene blue Decolourizing ability was 11.03mL/0.1g, which was 1.23 times of national activated carbon standards about thefirst level when radio of ZnCb to sugarcane bagasse is 3.0 to 1.0, pretreatment time was 24h, power of microwave was 650w and radiation time was 840s. The BET of corn stalk activated carbon was 957.1 m2/g, Volume Capacity of that was 0.81mL/g; The BET of sugarcane bagasse activated carbon was 715.1 m2/g, Volume Capacity of that was 0.52mL/g,and the characteristics of agricultural waste material activated carbons were better than the commercial activated carbons. Then the products were used to absorb formaldehyde as compared to the commercial activated carbon. When the concentration of formaldehyde was 1.95±0.02mg/m3,it has been found that tbof commercial activated carbon was lOmin, tb of corn stalk activated carbon was 12min which was 20% longer and tb of sugarcane bagasse activated carbon was llmin which was 10% longer. It could be concluded that the agricultural waste material activated carbons could be used to absorb Formaldehyde when the concentration of Formaldehyde air was 1.95±0.02mg/m3,and it was valuable in market.The researches not only solve the problems of recycle and reuse agricultural byproducts and widen the resources of the raw material of activated carbon, but also provide the new materials for the air clarification indoors. So the manufactures are good for the social and environment.