Study On Control Of Indoor Formaldehyde Pollution Induced By Residential Decoration

Nowadays interior decoration is popular, however, excessive use of decorativematerials possibly induces extensive indoor formaldehyde pollution which does harm topeoples's health. It is significant to control indoor formaldehyde pollution induced byinterior decoration.The clue of this dissertation is: analyzing the formation mechanics of indoorformaldehyde pollution induced by interior decoration, generalizing the law of changeof indoor formaldehyde pollution in newly-decorated houses, influence of pretreatmentto decorative materials on concentration of indoor formaldehyde during the course ofdecoration construction, the effect of controlling existed indoor formaldehyde pollutionby adjusting indoor environmental factors.This dissertation starts with analyzing mechanics of emission of potentialformaldehyde in several sorts of decorative materials. After measuring concentration ofindoor formaldehyde and influencing factors in 15 newly-decorated houses inChongqing, the result shows that in 83.3 percents of the measured houses theconcentration of indoor formaldehyde is overproof. The average concentration is 1.7times higher than the standard, while the maximum exceeds 3.5 times. The result alsosuggests that several factors could influence concentration of indoor formaldehyde, suchas indoor temperature, humidity, wind speed, time of completion, and exposure degreeof decorative materials.Moreover, by measuring time-varying concentration of indoor formaldehyde innewly-decorated houses, this dissertation respectively generalizes short-term andlong-term laws of change of indoor formaldehyde concentration. The study finds, in onemonth after decoration the change of real-time concentration of indoor formaldehydemeets a fitting exponential curve: y = 0.4174e^-0.0060x, the related coefficient: r = 0.793.The concentration of indoor formaldehyde at the end of first month after completion ofdecoration decreased 18.4 percents than that as decoration completed. And the changeof real-time concentration of indoor formaldehyde in one year after completion ofdecoration meets another fitting exponential curve: y = -0.0775ln(x) + 0.3711, therelated coefficient: r =0.915. The concentration of indoor formaldehyde at the end offirst month after completion of decoration decreased 59.7 percents than that asdecoration completed.Based on the laws of change of indoor formaldehyde concentration above, fourmeasures of pretreatment are used to decorative materials by taking advantage of modeof fully decorating in newly-built houses: spraying solution of carbamide to wood-basedpanels, spreading wood-based panels with formaldehyde-catching reagent, bakingwood-based panels at high temperature, sealing the edge of fracture surface ofwood-based panels with special sealant. The detecting result in the 60th day afterdecoration completed shows concentration of indoor formaldehyde in these pretreatedhouses respectively decreased by 22.8%, 54.4%, 31.0%, and 26.1% than that inun-pretreated houses. At the end of detecting period the concentration of formaldehydedecreased 74.6 percents in houses of using synthetically three measures of pretreatmentabove than that in unpretreated houses. The measure of pretreatment to decorativematerials has obvious controlling effect on indoor formaldehyde pollution afterdecoration completed. Furthermore, by respectively heightening indoor environmental temperature andhumidity again and again, with intermittent ventilation, the rate of emission of potentialformaldehyde in decorative materials is accelerated, which leads to respectivelydecrease by 81.5%, 62.6% comparing to that in untreated houses. This method couldlargely amend existed indoor formaldehyde pollution.