| Iorder to understand the overall characteristics of the residential interior fitment in Zhengzhou city,we selected a random sample of 110 homes in Zhengzhou City,and made an investigation about interior fitment in the period from September 2010 to December 2011.We selected 20 decorated apartments as representative(we Considerd the housing structure,the difference of time and level about fitment,the reflection of indoor air quality in the household).We selected 247 kinds of products(tiles,composite board,plywood,blockboard,interior paint,adhesives,coatings)including a total of 168 enterprises in building materials market in Zhengzhou City.In accordance with national standards GB6566-2001 "Interior decoration materials,building materials radionuclide limit",GB18582-2008"Interior decoration materials,interior wall paint harmful substances",GB18580-2001"Interior decoration materials,wood-based panels and their products in limited release formaldehyde,GB18583-2008"In the interior decoration materials,adhesives limit of harmful substances were detected in the detection of harmful substances",GB18581-2009"Indoor decoration materials,solvent-based wood coatings".The results were showed as follows:The influence of indoor air pollution effected by residential indoor decoration.The results showed that:Through survey,58.9%of households was two rooms and one hall layout,25.2%of households was three rooms and one hall layout,15.8%of households was one room one hall layout;30.5%of the households use solid wood flooring,31.6%of households used a composite wood floor,37.9%of households using tile;5.8%of households used latex paint,17.9%of households used wallpaper,6.3%of households used a painted wall + latex paint;Hall,all tenants bought sofa,TV table,table,13.7%of households made bar,26.3%of households made cabinets;bedroom,all tenants buy bed,wardrobe,54%of the households to purchase the dresser,56%of households made cabinets,23%of households to bought a computer desk.21%of the households bought bookcases;6.8%of households residential ventilation condition is very good,44.2%of households residential ventilation condition was general,18.9%of households residential ventilation condition was bad;Table decoration,all residents were made of aluminum alloy structure on the balcony was closed.Because of different degree of luxury decoration,personal capital investment and aesthetic factors cause,the style of decoration may be different,but in general there were similarities.(1)most of the residential closed the balcony with aluminum alloy doors and windows,it will result to air tightness increases in residential;(2)the furniture grade had different by purchase or homemade,but most of them use man-made board(fine woodworking board,medium density fiberboard and particleboard);some use ground tile,some use solid wood floor or laminate flooring;wall mainly use latex paint,some use wallpapers.(3)part of the decoration pursuit high-grade.The most serious pollutants are formaldehyde in investigation,while the highest concentration values exceed the national standard(0.10mg/m3)2.46 times,followed by benzene,more than the national standard(0.09mg/m3)with 7 households.And then the study found,the concentration of ammonia,benzene is significantly reduced after fitting in the 2 months,while the concentration of formaldehyde reduced after fitting after 3,4months.The reason may be:formaldehyde in artificial plate internal and release slowly,and benzene,ammonia volatilization from the surface of decoration materials mainly.The influence of indoor air pollution effected by Formaldehyde.The results showed that:The trend of formaldehyde release process was fast to slow with the time after decoration.Before the completed decoration after three months,the content of formaldehyde was higher in the living room and master bedroom,after the completed decoration after a year,the content of formaldehyde generally decreased to below the national standard.At the same time,formaldehyde content is relatively higher in bedroom than living room,which may be related to the bedroom area is small,poor ventilation,indoor furniture,synthetic fabric is more.The influence of indoor air pollution effected by Ammonia.The results showed that:ammonia was not the main pollutants of indoor air.the content of ammonia was higher in the occupancy residential and some of living room,the reason may be:personnel activities were concentrated,longer retention time,human metabolism of ammonia produced more.The influence of indoor air pollution effected by Benzene.The results showed that:Before the completed decoration after three months,the content of formaldehyde exceeded the national standard,but as time goes on,benzene concentration decreased gradually to the following national standards.The reason may be:benzene exist in decoration paint used and the surface of homemade or buy the furniture surface paint,concentration and the content decreased quickly with the effect of temperature and time.The influence of indoor air pollution effected by radon.The results showed that:all the samples of indoor radon concentrations well below the national standard(400Bq/m3),so radon was not the major pollutants in indoor air.The analysis of sampling results about main decoration materials.The results show that:the radioactive of all the tiles reach to the national standard,but there were 8samples(internal exposure index;external exposure index)=(0.7;1),which were part of the product testing value was very closed to the standard value;the formaldehyde releases quantity of Plywood was greater than blockboard,composite plate,the formaldehyde releases quantity of composite board formaldehyde was minimum,the qualified rate of products was the highest.The samples of Interior wall coating,exceed the standard mainly appears in ethyl benzene,xylene summation index and free formaldehyde indicators;The samples of wood coatings,exceed the standard appears in the content of volatile organic compounds(VOC)and lead indicators,other indicators did not exceed the standard;the free formaldehyde content in shrinkage of aldehydes water-based adhesive was higher than that of chloroprene rubber solvent adhesives,but the total volatile organic compounds data of the chloroprene rubber solvent adhesives ranged of 537-576g/L were significantly higher than that of shrinkage of aldehydes water-based adhesive.Formaldehyde mainly exists in wood-based panel(plywood,blockboard>composite board),secondly in adhesive(reduction of aldehydes water-based adhesive>chloroprene rubber solvent adhesives);interior wall coating,the samples in artificial plate was most likely to exceed the standard,followed by adhesive,finally to paint the walls;the content of volatile organic compounds(VOC):wood coatings>interior wall paint;total volatile organic compounds:chloroprene rubber solvent adhesives>formals aldehydes water-based adhesive;BTEX mainly exists in the adhesive(chloroprene rubber solvent adhesives>formals aldehydes water-based adhesive),secondly in wall paint and wood coatings;radioactive main in building materials(ceramic tile).The Countermeasures of indoor air pollution effected by decoration.The results show that:1,the state ministries need carry out their duties,strengthen supervision and inspection efforts,standardized decoration materials market,actively guide the manufacturers to develop new products,introduction new technology,development,production low formaldehyde,formaldehyde,no VOC green environmental protection building materials products.2,indoor decoration,should be concise,do not be too complicated.choice of decoration materials carefully,try to choose the products under the national quality certification,not choice the bad products if you want to save money,purchase of paint,should be used in water-borne health paints and coatings,avoid using adhesive sheet.3,try to choose time in March or April,then when summer came,temperature increases,increases the escape rate of formaldehyde,benzene in the decoration materials,furniture.with good ventilation condition,arrivalled in6-8months later preferably.4,try to reduce the harmful to the body from pollutants,it is much better that plant some different varieties of flower,at the same time,use air purifier. |
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