Studies On The Organic Synthesis Reactions Catalyzed By PEG400 Without Solvent

Studies on the application of phase transfer catalyst PEG400 in solid-liquid organic synthetic reactions under solvent-free conditions are described. The thesis consists of five chapters. Chaper 1: The recent progress of solid-liquid solvent-free organic reaction in organic synthesis is summarized. Chaper 2: Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with active methylene compounds under solvent-free conditions to synthesize arylidene compounds in good to excellent yields using powdered anhydrous K2CO3 and PEG400 as catalysts has been described. Chaper 3: Aldol condensations of aromatic aldehydes with ketones under solvent-free condition to synthesize α,β-unsaturated ketones in good to excellent yields using PEG400 and powdered anhydrous K2CO3 as catalysts at 90℃or 120℃were described. Chaper 4: Aldehydes, ketones and imines were readily reduced by sodium borohydride with the participation of a small amount of water in good to excellent yields using PEG400 as catalyst at the absence of organic solvents. Chaper 5: Carboxylic esters and thioacetates were conveniently prepared in good to excellent yields under mild conditions by the reaction of alkyl halides with sodium carboxylates or sodium thioacetate catalyzed by PEG400 at the absence of solvents.