Effect Of Conducting Ingredients On The Formation Of Gradient Composite Film

In this article, two kinds of PVA-matrix (containing CNT and PAn) copper gradient composite films (PMGCF) and a kind of PAn/PVA metal composite film (PMCF) were obtained through electrochemical reduction of swelling cathode films (SCFs). In PMCF, there are three layers in the cross section, which are PAn/PVA layer, PVA layer and copper/PVA layer. The relationship between the micromorphological structure of these films and the electrochemical conditions was studied by the polarized optical microscope (POM), the scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The deposition course of the copper was also studied. According to the images of POM and SEM, PMGCF was found to have its unique characteristics. The concentration of the deposited metal varied gradiently across the section of the film. One side is deposited phase, which is mainly composed of predominant metal and little polymer; and the other is undeposited phase, which is polymer matrix and hardly contains metal; and between the two sides is the transition phase, which is little. The deposited phase is composed of particles with a size of 100nm and the PMGCF is very even. While in the PMCF not only the metal phase took on a similar gradient trend, but the PAn also took the similar, trend just with an opposite direction. The analytic results of the effects on the micromorphological structure of the film by the electrochemical conditions showed that the carbon is apt to improve the boundary combination between the SCFs and the surface of the cathode and the separation of the film, and that the micromorphological structure of the PMGCFs is greatly affected by the drying condition and the power voltage, which remarkably affluence ion move in swelling cathode film.