The Theory System Of Ecologic Restoration And Research Of Assessment Method In The Mine Disposal Site

At present, ecologic restoration of mining disposal site already thinks highly by countries all over the world. Untreated mining disposal sites are significant hidden danger. Because they can cause environmental pollution, soil erosion, and land desertification. All these consequences impose severe threatens on economical development and the human survival. Therefore ecologic restoration of mining disposal site project must be done imperatively. Applying ecology principles instructing the practice of ecologic restoration of mining disposal site, summarizing types and the characters of the mining disposal sites, elaborate on the application of ecology principles in each kind of mining ecologic restoration technology. Such as in the process of matrix improvement, the coadapted principle and the limition factor principle should be followed; in the process of vegetation selecting, the ecological succession principle and the niche principle should be followed; In the process of vegetation disposition, density restriction principle and species multiplicity principle should be followed and so on. As well as in the process of constructing the mining harmonious ecosystem, all kinds of animals and microorganisms should be supposed to introduce, in order to increasing the species multiplicity of mining ecosystem. Also taking ecologic restoration of the Hei-Dai-gou opencut coal mine as an example, the general methods and steps of the ecologic restoration has been summarized. At the same time, in order to forecasting the effect of ecologic restoration project of mining disposal site, whether the mining ecosystem displaying its maximal value after the ecologic restoration, applying land appropriate appraisal methods evaluate the appropriate of the mine land which has been ecologic restoration, planning its final use direction; applying economic efficiency analysis methods analyze the efficiency of investment and output of the ecologic restoration project; in the mining area, applying the landscape ecology assessment method construct the reasonable landscape pattern. Finally, the ecosystem with reasonable structure, perfect function, stabilization, self-maintenance has been established in the mining area.