Separation And Purification Of Functional Factors From Ginger

Ginger( Zinger Officinale Rose. ), as the perennial herb belonging to Zingerberaceae, is the traditional crop which is both edible and medicinal. China is the source region and the main export countries, annual export quantum of ginger in China is 40% to the total export quantum in the world. Now the process and the consumption of ginger are still in low level. But the research on the ingredients and the efficacy will be further for the application of modern technology in food industry. The separation and purification of functional factors from ginger all have powerfully promoted ginger towards intensive process and efficacy and nature health. On the other hand, it can overtake international research and impel ginger cultivation to build up the people's health with the additive value. It has not only economic significance but also scientific meaning.In this research, separation and purification of functional factors from ginger, The raw material is fresh old ginger produced in Gansu province. Determinable and qualitative analysis of the ingredients' purity are studied by SFI , SFE-CO₂, ultracentrifugation technique, vacuum distillation isolation technique, macroporous resin, elution, etc.The results are following:1.The supercritical CO2 fluid extraction (SFE-CO2) can concentrate all flavors ingredients of ginger as spice. The extracts include ginger flavonoid and gingerol. Single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments are done about extractive pressure, extractive temperature and extractive time. It suggests that optimum process parameters are extractive pressure 30MPa, extractive temperature 50"C and extractive timel80min. The extraction rate is 7.61%. The value is bigger than the one (6.03 %) which has been reported. The virtue of SFE-CO2 is that it has short extraction time, higher extraction efficiency, simple extraction technology, and so on. The operation is easily controlled by the way of change of pressure and temperature. No residual solvent is present in extract product. The product is better in sensory quality, the content and composition of effective constituents. It has higher commercial value. The running expense is economical than traditional methods because CO2 is circularly utilized. The test result suggests that supercritical CO2 fluid extraction technology is high efficiency, greenness, energy saving in extraction of ginger essential oil and oleoresin and can retain natural active components in ginger. The great investment of equipment is its disadvantage. Supercritical CO2 fluid extraction technology extracts gingerol, the extraction rate of gingerol in dry ginger is 1.625 %;the organic solvent (ethanol) extracts gingerol, the extraction rate of gingerol in dry ginger is 0.837%. in this way, the extraction rate of gingerol is increased by 94.15% compared with the traditional extraction technology(organic solvent extraction) . Supercritical CO2 fluid extraction technology extracts ginger flavonoid .the extraction rate of ginger flavonoid in dry ginger is 1.395 %;the organic solvent (ethanol) extracts ginger flavonoid, the extraction rate of ginger flavonoid in dry ginger is 0.7147%. in this way, the extraction rate of ginger flavonoid is increased by 95.18% compared with the traditional extraction technology(organic solvent extraction).2. Separation and purification of gingerol As the main constituent of ginger oleoresins, gingerol is extracted by methanol according to its dissolubility. And thengingerol is absorbed and purified by macroporous resin. The optimal methods of gingerol purification are following: first ginger oleoresins is dissolved in 80% methanol, then the mixed solution is flowed through the column filled with AB-8 macroporous resin. The purity of gingerol is 56.4% above reported purity 48.3%.3. Separation and purification of ginger flavonoid The study on separation and purification of ginger flavonoid is not reported and has not correlative date about it. Ginger flavone have much function as following: anti biotic, antioxidation, fight against senium, reducing blood fat, curing cardiovascular diseases, and so oa So it is important to separate and purify ginger flavonoid from ginger oleoresins. In this paper, Supercritical fluid CO2 extraction (SFCE) is applied, And then ginger flavonoid is absorbed and purified by macroporous resin. The optimal methods of The optimum paratemers are following: the ratio of raw material to methanol l:5(g/g), the rotate speed of centrifugate 8000r/min, vacuum distillation temperature 50°C, the ratio of feed liquid to ethanol (50%) 1:5 (v/v). The purity of ginger flavonoid is 72.3%.