New Methods For The Determination Of 4-Nonylphenol And Cadmium Contaminants In Environmental Water Samples

In chapter 1, in order to establish a new method for the determination of trace 4-NP in environmental water samples, 4-NP was derivatized by dansyl chloride (DNS-C1) in base medium, and a resonance light scattering(RLS) system of 4-NP-Na₂CO₃-DNS-Cl was selected. The properties of the RLS spectra of the system were studied, and the significant parameters such as acidity in the system, reagent dosage, temperature, reaction time and foreign ions have been optimized using univariate method. The new method based on the linear relationship of the enhanced intensity (ΔIrls=I-I₀) of RLS in the system to the concentration of 4-nonylphenol was established.The results showed that the dansyl derivative resulted in significant enhancement of RLS from 300nm to 600nm in sodium carbonate medium. The RLS detection was performed at 396.8 nm. Under these conditions, 4-NP was showed good linearity in the range of 6.67×10^-46.00×10^-2μg/ml with correlation coefficient 0.9990, and the limit of detection was 0.200ng/ml. The proposed metheod combining with C₁₈ solid phase extraction can be operated conveniently at room temperature with high sensitivity and good selectivity and was applied to the determination of environmental and synthetic water samples, the recoveries were from 91.25% to 94.50% with a relative standard deviation of less than 3.80%.In chapter 2, utilizing crystal violet(CV) associating with CdI₄^2- formed by Cd( II) with I^- in acid medium and the ionic associate resulting in enhancement of RLS owing to its size augmentation, the RLS new method for determining trace cadmium was proposed. The affecting factors on the strength of RLS in the system including...