Study Of Synthesis And Application Of Esterquat Surfactant

Esterquats are favored to many advanced countries because of its biodegradation and softening property.Technics conditions of esterification reaction were optimized through orthogonal experiment, so the ideal reaction conditions are the reaction temperature 160℃, the reaction time 6 h, the molar ratio 1.4:1(stearic acid/TEA) and catalyst 0.1 %wt(the total weight of the stearic acid and TEA). Using the mixture of V(chloroform)∶V(methanol)=25∶1 as mobile phase, the Rf value of triesteramine, diesteramine and monoesteramine are 0.63, 0.49 and 0.36 respectively. The three factions isolated by column chromatography were qualitatively detected and verified by high performance liquid chromatography, infrared spectrum and mass spectrometry. The results indicate that the three fractions are triesteramine, diesteramine and monoesteramine respectively. The mass percentage of triesteramine, diesteramine and monoesteramine was determined according to standard triesteramine, diesteramine and monoesteramine. Comparisons were made between the mass percentage obtained by column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography which indicate that the latter is a quick and exact method. The effects of reaction time and solvent on the quaternization were investigated, the results indicate that iso-propane is better than petroleum ester and reaction time was no more than 8 h. At the same time, the effects of the length of carbon chain and the quantities of carbon chain were also studied. The results indicate they have a little effect on the preparation of esterquats. The softening property of a few kinds of esterquats was investicated. The results show that diethanolamine quaternary is better than monoethanolamine quaternary , furthermore monoethanolamine quaternary is better than triethanolamine quaternary and the better their softening properties are, the longer their carbon chains are when they have two carbon chains together. In addition, the studies about the after treatment of calcium carbonate slurry find that diethanolamine quaternary and the mixture of STA and diethanolamine quaternary can reduce the aggregation of calcium carbonate particles and narrow down its distribution. Such nano-CaCO3 particles modified by the mixture of STA and diethanolamine quaternary were filled in the PVC plastic and its mechanic properties were examined compared with light CaCO3, which indicate that the tensile strength, tensile creep compliance and impact strength of the PVC filled with nano-CaCO3 are much better than that of the PVC filled with the latter, especially the impact property.