The Synthesis And Performance Research Of New Cationic Asphalt Emulsifiers

The cationic asphalt emulsifiers of polyethylene polyamine methylene-4-nonylphenol, Gemini cationic and betaine were synthesized in this paper. The structures were identified by FTIR. The emulsifiers' specification was investigated in the mixing test with rock material.Polyethylene polyamine methylene-4-nonylphenol was synthesized by the reaction of nonylphenol, polyethylene polyamine and formaldehyde. The structures were identified by FTIR. The synthesis process is simple, and the reaction condition is mild. The product has potential market. The performance research indicates that the series emulsifiers have good emulsifying ability. The emulsion is stable. The demulsifying velocity is moderate. The emulsifier belongs to slow-setting emulsifier. The reaction mechanism was also discussed, especially the crosslinking of the reactions.2-hydroxy-3-(octadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride) propyl stearic acid ester was synthesized by the reaction of stearic acid, epichlorohydrin, and octadecyldimethylamine. The optimal reaction condition was obtained. The mole ratio of stearic acid, octadecyldimethylamine, and epichlorohydrin is 1:1:1.1. The solvent is iso-propanol. Stearic acid reacts with octadecyldimethylamine for 4 hours at room temperature. Then epichlorohydrin is added, and the reaction takes place at temperature 65℃ for 6 hours. The reaction yield can get 97.5%. The CMC of the emulsifier is 2.616×10^-2 g·L^-1 by the determination of surface tension. The surface tension of γ_c is 32.2×10^-3N·m^-1 at CMC.Gemini surfactant 1,3-bis(octadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride) -2-propyl alcohol was synthesized by the reaction of octadecyldimethylamine, epichlorohydrin, and hydrochloric acid. The structures were identified by FTIR. The surface tension of the product was also determined. The CMC is lower than the traditional surfactants. The Gemini surfactant of octadecyl-bis(3-octadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride-2-hydroxy propyl) tertiary amine was also synthesized by the reaction of octadecyl amine, octadecyldimethylamine, and epichlorohydrin. The performance research indicates that the emulsifier have good emulsifying ability. The emulsion is stable. The emulsifier belongs to fast-setting emulsifier.